Mayor Vlas has grandmother Nenila
She asked me to fix the hut in the forest.
He answered: no to the forest, and don’t wait - there won’t be!”
“When the master comes, the master will judge us,
The master will see for himself that the hut is bad,
And he tells us to give it to the forest,” the old woman thinks.

Someone next door, a greedy greedy man,
The peasants of the land have quite a joint
He pulled back and cut off in a roguish manner.
“The master will come: there will be land surveyors!”
The peasants think. - The master will say a word -
And our land will be given to us again.”

A free farmer fell in love with Natasha,
May the compassionate German contradict the girl,
Chief manager. “Wait a minute, Ignasha,
The master will come!” - says Natasha.
Small, big - it's a little bit of a debate -
“The master is coming!” - they repeat in chorus...

Nenila died; on someone else's land
The rogue neighbor has a hundredfold harvest;
The old boys have beards;
A free farmer ended up as a soldier,
And Natasha herself is no longer raving about the wedding...
The master is still not there... the master is still not coming!

Finally one day in the middle of the road
The drogues appeared like gears in a train:
There is a tall oak coffin on the road,
And there’s a gentleman in the coffin; and behind the coffin is a new one.
The old one was buried, the new one wiped away the tears,
He got into his carriage and left for St. Petersburg.

Analysis of the poem “Forgotten Village” by Nekrasov

Nekrasov was a generally recognized realist poet. In his work, he looked at any problem not only from one side. A striking example of such in-depth analysis is the poem “The Forgotten Village” (1855). The poet sees the cause of the people's suffering not only in the cruelty and indifference of the landowners, but also in the naive faith of the peasants in their wise master.

The work consists of five parts. The first three describe popular misfortunes typical of serfdom. A lonely old woman needs material to repair her home. The peasants suffered from the unauthorized seizure of their lands by a neighboring landowner. A serf girl wants to get married, but cannot do this without the owner's permission. In all situations, the mediator between the peasants and the master is the manager, who strives only for personal gain. He rejects all the requests of the petitioners. The author's bitter irony is manifested in the hopes of the peasants for the long-awaited arrival of the master. They are sure that their main tormentor is the manager, and the owner simply knows nothing about their suffering. Such a blind belief is reminiscent of the people's faith in a just tsar-father, surrounded by evil advisers. In fact, neither the tsar nor the landowners cared anything about their serfs. They were only concerned with the timely receipt of income from their estates. Managers were given full right to act at their own discretion.

The fourth part describes the collapse of all peasant hopes. The grandmother died, the neighboring landowner reaped a rich harvest from the captured land, and the groom was taken into the army. But all the troubles that have broken out cannot destroy boundless faith. The peasants are only wondering why “the master still isn’t coming.”

In the fifth part, hopes finally come true. The peasants waited for their master, who arrived... in a coffin. Nevertheless, an heir is announced who will certainly pay attention to his suffering workers. But he disappears as suddenly as he appeared, again leaving the peasants at the mercy of the manager. One can guess that the new generation will harbor the same fruitless hopes for their master.

The poem "The Forgotten Village" describes a specific incident, but such a phenomenon was widespread in Russia. Most landowners never visited their villages at all. The peasantry was presented to them in the image of a vague physical force that generates income. Naturally, the personal misfortune of an individual peasant had no meaning for the owner. The peasants did not understand this and continued to believe in the triumph of goodness and justice.

The poem “The Forgotten Village” by Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov is worth reading for those who want to better understand the history of Russia, to find out how serfs lived and how rich people lived. In addition, thanks to this work, one can guess the thoughts of the poor peasants, their desires and moods. Poem is studied in a literature lesson in 10th grade. Then the teachers assign homework to learn it completely by heart. On our website you can read the work online, and if you wish, download it to your gadget.

The text of Nekrasov’s poem “The Forgotten Village” was written in 1855. In it, the author talks about a village in which the serfs are waiting for the arrival of the master. They hope that he can solve all their problems. So, Nenila’s grandmother wants to ask him for wood to patch up her hut. The peasants believe that he will solve their land issue. The girl Natasha hopes that he will allow her to marry a farmer. However, none of this happens. The master does not come to the village, does not help ordinary people. He appears on his estate many years later, but not alive, but dead. A new master takes his place, but even he does not care about the problems of the serfs. After spending a little time in the village, he very soon leaves it, back to the city.

Mayor Vlas has grandmother Nenila
She asked me to fix the hut in the forest.
He answered: no to the forest, and don’t wait - there won’t be!”
“When the master comes, the master will judge us,
The master will see for himself that the hut is bad,
And he tells us to give it to the forest,” the old woman thinks.

Someone next door, a greedy greedy man,
The peasants of the land have quite a joint
He pulled back and cut off in a roguish manner.
“The master will come: there will be land surveyors!”
The peasants think. - The master will say a word -
And our land will be given to us again.”

A free farmer fell in love with Natasha,
May the compassionate German contradict the girl,
Chief manager. “Wait, Ignasha,
The master will come!” - says Natasha.
Small, big – it’s a little bit of a debate –
“The master is coming!” - they repeat in chorus...

Nenila died; on someone else's land
The rogue neighbor has a hundredfold harvest;
The old boys have beards;
A free farmer ended up as a soldier,
And Natasha herself is no longer raving about the wedding...
The master is still not there... the master is still not coming!

Finally one day in the middle of the road
The drogues appeared like gears in a train:
There is a tall oak coffin on the road,
And there’s a gentleman in the coffin; and behind the coffin is a new one.
The old one was buried, the new one wiped away the tears,
He got into his carriage and left for St. Petersburg.

1
Mayor Vlas has grandmother Nenila
She asked me to fix the hut in the forest.
He answered: “No to the forest, and don’t wait - there won’t be!”
- “When the master comes, the master will judge us,
The master will see for himself that the hut is bad,
And he tells us to give it to the forest,” the old woman thinks.

2
Someone next door, a greedy greedy man,
The peasants of the land have quite a joint
He pulled back and cut off in a roguish manner.
“The master will come: it will be for land surveyors! -
The peasants think. - The master will say a word -
And our land will be given to us again.”

3
A free farmer fell in love with Natasha,
May the compassionate German contradict the girl,
Chief manager. “Wait a minute, Ignasha,
The master will come!” - says Natasha.
Small, big - it's a little bit of a debate -
“The master is coming!” - they repeat in chorus...

4
Nenila died; on someone else's land
The rogue neighbor has a hundredfold harvest;
The old boys have beards
A free farmer ended up as a soldier,
And Natasha herself is no longer raving about the wedding...
The master is still not there... the master is still not coming!

5
Finally one day in the middle of the road
The drogues appeared like gears in a train:
There is a tall oak coffin on the road,
And there’s a gentleman in the coffin; and behind the coffin is a new one.
The old one was buried, the new one wiped away the tears,
He got into his carriage and left for St. Petersburg. 1

1 Published according to Article 1873, vol. I, part 1, p. 141–142.
First published and included in collected works: St. 1856, p. 34–36. Reprinted in the 1st part of all subsequent lifetime editions of Poems.
Autograph with date: “Oct 2 Night” - GBL (Zap. tetra. No. 2, l. 8–9); in this autograph the original title “Master” is crossed out and inscribed: “Forgotten Village”. Belova's autograph belonged to K. A. Fedip (see: PSS, vol. I, p. 572).

In R. book and St. 1879 it is inaccurately dated: “1856”. The year of writing is determined by the place of the autograph in the West. tetr. No. 2, and also due to the fact that St. 1856 was prepared before Nekrasov left abroad (August 11, 1856).
It was suggested that Nekrasov wrote “The Forgotten Village” under the influence of D. Crabb’s poem “Parish Lists” (St. 1879, vol. IV, p. XLV; cf. commentary on the poem “Wedding” on p. 624 of this volume). However, the similarity of “The Forgotten Village” with the corresponding passage of the “Parish Lists” is small, and the plot of the poem was developed by Nekrasov completely independently (see: Levin Yu. D. Nekrasov and the English poet Crabb. - Nekr. sb., II, pp. 480–482 ).
The reprint of “The Forgotten Village” (Together with “The Poet and the Citizen” and “Excerpts from the Travel Notes of Count Garapsky”) in No. 11 of Sovremennik for 1856, in N. G. Chernyshevsky’s review of St. 1856, caused a censorship “storm” (for details about this - E vol. II present, ed., in the commentary to the poem “Poet and Citizen”). Some readers saw in “The Forgotten Village” a political pamphlet, meaning by the old master the recently (February 18, 1855) deceased Tsar Nicholas I, by the new one - Alexander II, by the forgotten village - Russia. On November 14, 1856, censor E. E. Volkov reported this to the Minister of Public Education A. S. Norov: “Some of the readers under the words “ forgotten village“They understand something completely different... They see here something that, it seems, is not there at all - some kind of secret hint at Russia...” (Evgeniev-Maksimov V. Nekrasov as a person, journalist and poet. M.-L., 1928, p. .223). From the memoirs of A.P. Zlatovratsky it is known that “some censor” even “reported Nekrasov to the III Department for her” (II. A. Dobrolyubov in the memoirs of contemporaries. [L.], 1961, pp. 139–140). Nekrasov probably took into account the possibility of such interpretations, but the meaning of “The Forgotten Village” is much broader: it is useless for the people to wait for help “from above,” from “good gentlemen.” It was in this sense that D. N. Mamin-Sibiryak used quotes from “The Forgotten Village” in the epigraph to the last chapter of the novel “Mountain Nest” (1884).
The image of grandmother Nenila from “The Forgotten Village” was reproduced by M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin in the essay “Gnashing of Teeth” (1860) from the series “Satires in Prose.” In Shchedrin, this image embodies the age-old need of the serf peasantry: “Here you are, poor, bent over by need, grandmother Nenila. You are sitting calmly at the gate of your rickety hut...", etc. (Saltykov-Shchedrin, vol. III, p. 378).
Even before its publication in St. 1856, “The Forgotten Village” was known in literary circles: for example, it is mentioned in a letter from K. D. Kavelin to M. P. Pogodin dated April 3, 1856 (Barsukov N. Life and works of M. P. Pogodin, book 14. St. Petersburg, 1900, p. 217). At the end of the 1850s. keeping lists of the “Forgotten Village” was considered a sign of political “unreliability” (Zlatovratsky N.N. Memoirs. [M.], 1956, p. 325). Many lists of the “Forgotten Village” have been preserved: the list of I. S. Turgenev with the date: “2 ok 1855” - GBL, f. 306, map. 1, units hr. 9; list of P. L. Lavrov - TsGAOR, f. 1762, op. 2, units hr. 340, l. 213–213 vol; list of A.P. Elagina - GBL, f. 99, cards. 16, units hr. 61; list from the PC archive - IRLI, f. 265, op. 3, units hr. 81, l. 7–7 vol.; unnamed list with the title “Barin” - TsGALI, f. 1345, op. 1, units hr. 751, l. 383–383 vol.; unnamed list - GBL, OR, units. hr. 256, l. 61 rev. - 62, etc.
In St. 1856, A. I. Herzen especially noted “Hound Hunt”, “In the Village” and “Forgotten Village”, about which he wrote: “charm” (Herzen, vol. XXVI, p. 69).
“The Forgotten Village” is one of the first poems by Nekrasov translated into foreign languages. The first French translation of “The Forgotten Village” (as well as the poems “Am I Driving Down a Dark Street at Night...” and “The Princess”) belonged to A. Dumas and was published back in 1859 (cf. commentary on the poem “Am I Driving Down a Street at Night?” dark..." on pp. 594–595 present volume).

Zug - a team of four or six horses in pairs; Riding in a train was the privilege of rich and noble gentlemen.

the poem THE FORGOTTEN VILLAGE does not have audio recordings yet...

“The Forgotten Village” Nikolai Nekrasov

Mayor Vlas has grandmother Nenila
She asked me to fix the hut in the forest.
He answered: no to the forest, and don’t wait - there won’t be!”
“When the master comes, the master will judge us,
The master will see for himself that the hut is bad,
And he tells us to give it to the forest,” the old woman thinks.

Someone next door, a greedy greedy man,
The peasants of the land have quite a joint
He pulled back and cut off in a roguish manner.
“The master will come: there will be land surveyors!”
The peasants think. - The master will say a word -
And our land will be given to us again.”

A free farmer fell in love with Natasha,
May the compassionate German contradict the girl,
Chief manager. “Wait a minute, Ignasha,
The master will come!” - says Natasha.
Small, big - it's a little bit of a debate -
“The master is coming!” - they repeat in chorus...

Nenila died; on someone else's land
The rogue neighbor has a hundredfold harvest;
The old boys have beards;
A free farmer ended up as a soldier,
And Natasha herself is no longer raving about the wedding...
The master is still not there... the master is still not coming!

Finally one day in the middle of the road
The drogues appeared like a train of gears:
There is a tall oak coffin on the road,
And there’s a gentleman in the coffin; and behind the coffin is a new one.
The old one was buried, the new one wiped away the tears,
He got into his carriage and left for St. Petersburg.

Analysis of Nekrasov’s poem “Forgotten Village”

Nikolai Nekrasov was convinced that serfdom was not only a relic of the past, but also a completely unacceptable phenomenon in a European country, which Russia considered itself to be in the mid-19th century. However, the poet was even more outraged by the blind faith of the peasants in higher justice. They considered their landowner almost a god on earth, believing that he was wise and fair. It was this feature of the peasant mentality that caused Nekrasov bitter irony: the poet understood perfectly well that in the overwhelming majority of cases, landowners do not care about the needs of the serfs, they are only interested in the correct payment of quitrents, which allows them to exist comfortably.

Trying to debunk the myth about good owners life, in 1855 Nikolai Nekrasov wrote the poem “The Forgotten Village,” in which he ridiculed not only the naive faith of the peasants in their benefactors, but also showed that real power in family estates belongs not to the landowners, but to the managers who make money behind the backs of the estate owners on the mountain of serfs. This work begins with an old woman asking the mayor to give her some wood to patch up her old hut. To which the woman receives a refusal and a promise that “the master will come” and will sort everything out. All petitioners who want to achieve justice and defend their rights find themselves in exactly the same situation. The peasants are convinced that they only need to be patient a little for the good landowner to make them happy with his visit and help them solve their numerous problems.

But the village that Nekrasov describes in his poem is truly forgotten. Its owner does not care what needs his serfs experience. As a result, the old woman dies without receiving the timber for the new roof; the deceived peasant, from whom a piece of arable land was taken away, watches as a more successful rival is already harvesting on his land. And the courtyard girl Natalya no longer dreams of a wedding, since her fiance was taken into the army for a long 25 years.

With irony and sadness, the poet notes that the village is falling into decay, since it does not have a real owner, wise and fair. However, the moment comes when he nevertheless appears on his estate. But - in a luxurious coffin, since he bequeathed to bury himself in the place where he was born. His successor, far from rural life, does not intend to solve peasant problems. He just “wiped his tears, got into his carriage and left for St. Petersburg.”

It should be noted that in the mid-19th century there were quite a lot of such “forgotten villages” in Russia. The owners of once luxurious estates believed that rural life was not for them, so they sought to settle in the city, closer to high society. In some villages, the peasants did not see the landowners for decades and became so accustomed to this that they considered their king and god the manager who purposefully plundered the lord’s property. Trying to dispel the myth of a fair and wise landowner, Nekrasov did not try to help the peasants themselves, since they were not destined to read the poet’s poems anyway. The author addressed those on whom the fate and life of the serfs directly depended, appealing to their philanthropy. However, his ironic poems, as well as other works with a pronounced social overtones, evoked only reproaches from representatives of the upper strata of society, who believed that “peasant poems” disgraced Russian poetry. Nevertheless, Nikolai Nekrasov still managed to change public consciousness, although until his death the poet was convinced that his works were not needed modern society, mired in vices and passions, and therefore devoid of compassion for those who ensure his well-being.

N.A. Nekrasov is a poet-fighter who knew how to ignite the hearts of others. He was the first who, in his work, openly spoke out for a fair world order and consciously sided with the people.

Nekrasov painted painful pictures of peasant life in his poem “The Forgotten Village.”

The story behind the creation of the poem “The Forgotten Village” is as follows. It was written by Nekrasov on October 2, 1855. Published in a collection of his poems in 1856 and in the Sovremennik magazine (1856). In the eleventh issue of the Sovremennik magazine, N.G. Chernyshevsky placed it (Nekrasov was abroad at that time), along with other socially sensitive works by Nekrasov, which became the reason for a real surge in censorship, and led to the threat of closure of the Sovremennik magazine " A ban was imposed on discussing Nekrasov's collection of poems in the press and its republication.

In literary circles there was an opinion that Nekrasov wrote “The Forgotten Village” under the influence of D. Crabb’s poem “Parish Lists”, but the similarity of “Forgotten Village” with the corresponding passage of “Parish Lists” is insignificant, the main plot
- This is Nekrasov’s original development.

In the poem “Forgotten Village” the poet managed to truthfully show the real life of the Russian people, to focus our attention on their characteristic features: long-suffering and boundless faith in the good gentleman-defender.

The main theme of the work is the theme of peasant life, the difficult lot of rural working people, and the fate of Russia in general.

In the work there is no lyrical hero reflecting on duty and responsibility, indignant and grieving. This poem is a story with ironic intonations.

In the first stanza of the poem, we meet grandmother Nenila, whose hut had fallen into disrepair, and she asked the mayor Vlas (a peasant elder) to give scaffolding for repairs. He refused her. What is the old lady’s reaction to this? The grandmother thought that “the master will come,” he will judge everyone, and he himself, seeing that her hut is bad, orders it to be given to the forest. The old woman firmly believes that in the near future she will receive what she needs.

The poet Nekrasov was outraged to the depths of his soul by the blind faith of the peasants in some kind of higher justice. This rare feature of the village mentality caused great concern, bitter irony and justifiable indignation in the poet. Nekrasov clearly understood that the landowner did not care about the fate of the serfs.

If in the first stanza Nenila’s grandmother plays the role of the deprived, then in the second - the peasants, from whom the “greedy greedy man” “grabbed” part of the land; in the third - the farmer Ignasha and his dear friend Natasha.

All these peasant people, whose requests remained unanswered, sincerely believe that local managers are self-willed, and a good gentleman will come and do everything he can for them.

The fourth stanza tells about sad events: Nenila ended up in another world, the farmer was sent to serve as a soldier, Natasha abandoned thoughts of marriage. The problems have not been resolved. How will they decide if “the master is still missing...”?

The final stanza of the poem dots all the i's. The master, whom everyone had been waiting for, would not come, he had faded away, and the new master, brushing away a tear, “got into his carriage and left for St. Petersburg.”

The poem “The Forgotten Village” is dedicated to debunking peasant illusions. The master has nothing to do with the people. The author mercilessly ironizes about the belief in the “good” master, which is firmly ingrained in the village consciousness.

Nekrasov's contemporaries perceived this poem as a political denunciation. By the old master they meant Nicholas I, by the new one - Alexander II, by the “forgotten village” - serf Rus', in which such “forgotten villages” are countless.

The main idea of ​​the poem is to stigmatize serfdom, draw attention to the arbitrariness of the landowners, and show the tragedy of the powerless situation of the peasants.

the main idea poem “The Forgotten Village” - the liberation of Russia from serfdom depends on the activity of the peasantry itself. It is naive to believe in a kind master, a kind king, who will solve all their problems.

The cross-cutting motif, which first appeared in the fourth line of the first stanza, is repeated in the same positions in the second and third stanzas - “The master will arrive.”

Issues the poems are much broader than the problems of individual people that Nekrasov tells us about. The problems raised in the work are the problems of the people as a whole. They concern the essence of national character.

Carrying out a detailed analysis of the poem “The Forgotten Village”, we can conclude: simple human happiness is impossible under serfdom.

The poem is written in trochee. Each line has six feet. The stanzas in the poem are six lines. The rhyme scheme is adjacent (aabbvv), using a feminine rhyme (stress on the penultimate syllable).

Means of artistic expression of the poem “Forgotten Village”:

Epithets - “greedy greedy man”, “in a roguish manner”, “free tiller”, “stranger to the land”, “compassionate German”.

Exclamations - “The master is coming!”

How do I remember Nekrasov’s poem “The Forgotten Village”?
A clear demonstration of Rus'. Individual events from peasant life, poetically connecting with each other, create a monolithic image of long-suffering Rus'.

I remember this poem because it is not just the poet’s response to a pressing topic of his time, but also a kind of testament to his descendants. You shouldn’t be passive, rely on someone good, you need to be able to fight for your own happiness.

I liked this poem by Nekrasov because it resembles a folk song with its folk rhythm and content.

Plan for analysis of the poem “Forgotten Village”

1. Introduction
2. The history of the creation of the poem “Forgotten Village”
3. The main theme of the poem
4. Summary poem, its essence.
5. What is the poem about?
6. Main idea
7. The main idea of ​​the poem “The Forgotten Village”
8. Cross-cutting motive
9. The main goal pursued by the author when creating this work
10. Problems of the poem “Forgotten Village”
11. Poetic meter
12. Means of artistic expression
13. Conclusion
14. What do you remember and what did you like about the poem?