Have you heard of such a mushroom as cobweb? And it turns out that it is deadly poisonous! Detailed information you will find in the article.

The most beautiful cobweb - a deadly poisonous mushroom

A photo of the mushroom in question is presented to your attention in the article. The most beautiful cobweb (reddish) is the genus Cobweb, family Cobweb family. People also call it the marsh plant. They should not be eaten either raw or cooked, because the toxins they contain can cause kidney failure. This genus consists of at least 40 species. Some are considered poisonous, some are edible, and some are considered edible. By external signs These mushrooms are quite similar, which is why they are often confused. This suggests that it is better not to collect them without proper knowledge about cobwebs and mushrooms in general. And in order to decide to eat such a mushroom, you need to be 100% sure what type of spider web you found.

Until the 1950s, it was believed that these mushrooms could be eaten. And only as a result of a large number of incidents of poisoning with orange-red cobwebs, and later with beautiful cobwebs, registered in 1957, it was decided to classify these mushrooms as deadly poisonous. These two species are the most toxic.

Appearance

The width of the cap ranges from 4 to 9 cm, starting from a conical shape, flowing into a flat, prostrate shape, with a tubercle in the center. The outer layer is dry, matte with a velvety and fibrous structure. Color - reddish-orange or reddish-brown, the central part is darker. Does not increase in size upon contact with water.

The plates are planted infrequently, they are wide and thick. At first the color matches the cap, then changes to reddish-brown. Young mushrooms have a cobweb-like cover of yellow-ocher color.

The leg is cylindrical, increasing or tapering at the base, while its length is 60-100 mm and thickness 4-10 mm. On the fibrous coating you can find curved bands of a barely yellow tint.

The pulp is light orange or yellow-brown in color with a bad odor.

The spore trail is reddish-brown in color. Their dimensions are 8-8.5 microns, their shape is wide elliptical or almost spherical, with a warty outer layer. Cheilocystids are practically never found.

Where does it grow?

The most beautiful spider web - deadly poisonous mushroom, which is found in numerous regions in Europe. In our areas they grow in the central regions, as well as in the northern part. You can see such mushrooms in mountainous areas, on the slopes of hills. They are quite rare.

How it grows

This mushroom grows most often in oak and old coniferous forests, where light sandy soil is common. Raw spruce forests with green sphagnum mosses are also favorable for growth.

Toxic spores can be dispersed to other areas by air flow and tactile contact. Mycorrhiza forms with spruce.

Fruits from July until the first frost occurs. Near clusters of the most beautiful spiderwort you can find others of this genus.

The most beautiful cobweb - a deadly poisonous mushroom: types

In our territories you can find up to 40 species of mushrooms of this genus, and only 2 of them are edible. Some of them are so dangerous that they are equated to The vast majority of mushrooms are simply inedible.

Only specialists can find the difference among all these types, which means that it is better to avoid them.

Similar species

Mountain cobweb is another poisonous mushroom, the consumption of which can be fatal. The width of its cap is 30-80 mm, at first it is convex, and when the mushroom ages, its shape becomes flat, with a flat tubercle located in the central part. The outer layer is dry. The color varies from yellow-brown to reddish-brown. The height of the leg is 40-90 mm, and its width is 10-20 mm. It's narrower at the bottom. The surface of the cap and stem is fibrous.

Edible cobweb is a type of mushroom that can be eaten. His middle name is fatty. Its 50-80 mm cap has a dense, fleshy structure with edges turned toward the ground. Over the course of its life cycle, it acquires a flat, slightly depressed shape. Its color is grayish-white and its surface is moist. The leg has a height of 20-30 mm and a width of 15-20 mm, it is dense, without bends.

Slime cobweb is a conditionally edible mushroom. It should not be confused with the mucous cobweb. The hat has a diameter of 100-120 mm. At first it has a bell-shaped shape, which over time becomes flat with a curved edge. The color of the cap varies between yellowish, brown and brown. The entire mushroom is covered with mucus. The leg reaches 200 mm in length, it resembles a spindle. Its color is white, with a bluish tint. On the stem you can find particles in the form of lumps and rings.

There is another similar deadly poisonous species - the brilliant cobweb. It is quite rare. It is very easy to recognize by its bright yellow cap covered with mucus. Found in coniferous forests.

The beautiful cobweb (a deadly poisonous mushroom, similar species of which were presented to your attention above) can also be confused with some edible mushrooms. These are purple hygrophorus, camphor milkweed and a species of honey fungus - armillaria glubnieva. The main difference between the poisonous mushroom and the honey fungus is the presence of ocher belts and red plates on its stem - in the honey mushroom they are white or light yellow.

Classification

What else is known about such a mushroom as the beautiful cobweb? Deadly poisonous which includes the following basic data:

• Overkingdom - Eukaryotes.
• Kingdom - Mushrooms.
• Sub-kingdom - Higher mushrooms.
• Department - Basidiomycetes.
• Subsection - Agaricomycotina.
• Class - Agaricomycetes.
• Subclass - Agariaceae.
• Family - Arachnoidaceae.
• Rod - Cobweb.
• Subgenus - Leprocybe.
• View - The most beautiful spider web.
• World scientific name: Cortinarius rubellus Cooke.

Toxic substances

The most beautiful cobweb is a rare, deadly poisonous mushroom that contains a very strong toxin, a complex polypeptide - orellan. It does not lose its toxic properties after processing high temperatures, placing it in a different acidic environment and drying it. Toxicity is greatly reduced only under the influence of ultraviolet and solar radiation. This mushroom contains 7.5 mg of orellanine for every 1 g of dried mushrooms.

Experts believe that in addition to orellanine, mushrooms contain two additional polypeptides - cortinarine A and B, which determine the totality of manifestations in the form of patient complaints. The combined presence of these 3 components was detected only in 2 species of mushrooms of this family: the beautiful cobweb (reddish) and the orange-red.

Main symptoms and how quickly they appear

Thanks to a large number Research has determined that the main organ that is affected by orellanin is the kidneys. Due to its combined effects with metabolites, free radicals arise in the epithelial cells of the kidneys, destruction of cell membranes occurs, suppression of alkaline phosphatase and protein production, as well as damage to the structure of RNA and DNA.

Even a small amount of the product can cause harm to the body. 40 g of freshly picked mushrooms consumed as food can lead to death. That is why, to save your life, it is recommended not to pay attention to the brown-red cobwebs, and not to collect suspicious mushrooms at all.

The clinical picture of orellan syndrome largely depends on personal susceptibility to the toxin. In case of spider web poisoning, there are four stages of the disease.

The particular danger of orellanine poisoning is that symptoms resulting from its entry into the body can appear only after a long time, when it is already too late, and everyone will happily forget about eating mushrooms. There are cases when symptoms appear after 7-14 days. During poisoning, the patient may experience nausea, a huge need to drink, a feeling of dryness and burning in the mouth, vomiting, and pain in the abdominal area. This condition can last from 1 to 2 weeks. If you do not seek help in a timely manner, death is possible. In special cases, when the patient’s condition is very serious, death can occur even 5 months after consuming the poisonous mushroom.

In the case of a short lethal stage, within 2-3 days, acute renal failure is formed with a prolonged oligoanuric stage. Children and the elderly suffer the most from the disease.

If nephropathy persists for quite a long time, then in 30-50% of cases it will be followed by the formation of a chronic form of renal failure.

Cobweb mushrooms (Cortinarius) are mushrooms belonging to the cobweb family (Cortinariaceae) and the order Agaricaceae. Many varieties are popularly called marsh plants.

Cobwebs are mushrooms belonging to the cobweb family and the order Agaricaceae

Mycorrhizal fruit cap-peduncle type body with a hemispherical or conical, convex or flat cap, having a pronounced tubercle and a dryish or mucous, smooth or noticeably felt, sometimes scaly surface of yellow or ocher, orange-terracotta, brownish-brick, dark reddish, brown- brick or purple coloring.

The soft part is relatively fleshy or quite thin, white or ocher-brown, yellow, bluish-violet or olive-green in color, sometimes changing shade when cut. All plates are of accrete or slightly descending type, thin and relatively frequently located, of various colors. The cylindrical or club-shaped leg is characterized by the presence of a tuberous thickening at the base. The spores are ocher and brownish.

Features of the triumphal webweed (video)

Where does the spider web mushroom grow?

The fruiting bodies of mycorrhizal varieties can grow in coniferous forests, as well as not too dense deciduous forests. The varieties are widespread in the temperate climate zone:

• P.excellent found in deciduous forests, forming mycorrhiza with beeches, and does not grow in our country;
• P.violet became widespread in the northern regions and middle lane our country;
• P.triumphal grows massively in Eastern Siberia, as well as in the Far East;
• P.grayish blue not found on the territory of our country;
• P.blue forms mycorrhiza with beeches and other deciduous trees, grows in the Primorsky Territory;
• P. fragrant prefers mixed and coniferous forests for growth and development, where it forms mycorrhiza with beeches and fir.

The most widespread in our country and in many European countries is P. large, growing mainly in mixed forest zones on sandy soils.

Cobwebs can grow in conifers, as well as not too dense deciduous forests

About the edibility of spider webs

The taste of the mushroom pulp of edible varieties, as a rule, is not very pronounced, but most often it is bitter. Mushroom aroma is completely absent in many species, and some fruiting bodies have a fairly noticeable smell of garden radish. Used for food purposes with great caution. Most often, fruit bodies are fried, salted and pickled.

Types of spider web mushroom

It is not possible to distinguish between edible and poisonous species by taste or smell, so it is very important to know the exact description and external characteristics cobwebs, which are most often found in our country.

Gallery: types of spider webs (45 photos)

Cortin.triumрhans – has a hemispherical or cushion-shaped, semi-prostrate top part orange-yellow in color with remains of a spathe and a sticky or dry surface covering thick, soft, whitish-yellowish flesh with a pleasant aroma. The plates are of a weakly adherent type, narrow and frequent, light smoky cream or bluish-brown in color with rusty-red-brown spore powder. The lower part of the fruiting body is strongly thickened and cylindrical in shape.

Cortin.alboviolaceus - has a rounded bell-shaped, convex or convex-prostrate cap with an elevation in the central part and a silky-fibrous, shiny, smooth, sticky surface of lilac-violet-silver or white-lilac color. The plates are medium-frequently spaced, narrow, grayish-blue, bluish-ocher or brownish-brown, with the presence of rusty-reddish-brown spore powder. The pedicle area is club-shaped, with weak mucous membrane. The soft part is thick and watery in places,gray-blue, brownish, with an unpleasant odor.

Cortin.armillatus - has a hemispherical, gradually opening, cushion-shaped cap with a wide and blunt tubercle in the central part, covered with dry and fleecy, orangeish or reddish-brown color with remnants of a red-orange-brown blanket. The soft part is thick and dense, brownish in color, with a pronounced musty odor and a complete absence of mushroom taste. The plates are of an adherent type, wide and relatively sparsely spaced, grayish-cream, slightly brownish or rusty-brown in color, with brownish-rusty-red spore powder. The lower part of the fruit body is lighter, with a widening at the base, with bracelet-like remains of the coverlet.

The web spider is very special

Cortin.rubellus - has a conical or prostrate-conical cap, with a sharp tubercle in the center and a finely scaly, reddish-orange, reddish-orange or bright brownish surface, covering a tasteless and radish-smelling pulp of a reddish-orange-ocher color. Thick and wide plates are sparse, growing to the stem, orange-ocher or rusty-brown color, with rusty-reddish-brown, spherical, rough spores. The lower part of the fruiting body is cylindrical in shape and of sufficient density.

Purple cobweb (video)

Сortin.рholideus - has a bell-shaped, slightly convex cap with a blunt prominence in the center and numerous scales of dark brown color, covered with pale brown, brownish-brown skin. It is distinguished by sparse, grayish-brownish plates with a lilac-violet tint and the presence of brown spore powder. The lower part of the fruit body is cylindrical or slightly club-shaped, with a widening at the base, solid or hollow, with a smooth, grayish-brownish scaly surface. Loose type, gray-violet-brownish the pulp has a faint musty odor.

Kira Stoletova

One of the most common types of mushrooms in the temperate zone is the spider web mushroom. It belongs to the group of conditionally edible mushrooms. The genus Cobweb from the cobweb family of the same name is dangerous because there are poisonous varieties.

Appearance

The mushroom got its name because of the white “skirt” that falls down the stem and resembles a cobweb. The popular name “Pribolotnik” does not reflect the range of the species, although sometimes it is an absolutely swamp resident. It grows in all types of forests in a variety of soils. This is an autumn genus, with peak growth occurring in late August and early September.

Species of Cobwebs are similar to each other in a number of ways:

1. Cylindrical leg with extension downwards.
2. Remains of a private web-like covering on the upper part of the leg.
3. The cap is usually conical or flat in shape, with plates.
4. The pulp is dense and fragrant.

The species of cobwebs differ in the color of the stem and cap, and the smell of the pulp. Among them there are both edible and poisonous representatives.

Irina Selyutina (Biologist):

The name of the family Cobwebs was given by the French mycologist and phytopathologist of tropical plants Jean Aime Roger (1900-1979), who proceeded from the specific structure of the private bedspread, consisting of cobweb fibers connecting the edge of the cap with the stem.

Most arachnoids are mycorrhiza-formers, the life processes of which are associated with certain tree species. Among the spider webs there are deadly poisonous specimens. However, there are also useful edible species. However, they are few in number and large practical significance Dont Have. A characteristic feature of the genus Cobweb is the different colors of young and mature specimens, and the presence of a rapidly disappearing purple pigment in many species.

By the way. The genus Cobweb is divided into subgenera that have their own specific characteristics, for example:

• subgenus Myxsacium: there is a common mucous blanket that causes the cap and stalk to be mucous.
• subgenus Phlegmacium: a mucous cap is present.
• subgenera Hydrocybe And Telamonia: the cap is hygrophanous.
• subgenera Dermocybe And Inoloma: the cap is dry, scaly, fibrous.

Types of mushroom

The genus includes about 25 species. They differ in taste and degree of safety for humans. Some are listed in the Red Book.

Edible species

• Edible cobweb, or fatty: The species lives in coniferous plantations. The cap is white-gray, the surface is watery. The pulp is dense and has a faint mushroom smell. The plates are frequent and adhere to the cap. The edible cobweb is a type of mushroom often found in temperate coniferous forests. In Russia it is found in the European part. You can also find it in Belarus.

The edible cobweb is characterized by a smooth, dense, whitish-brown leg, in the middle (located in the center) there are remnants of the cortina (private web cover), which disappear with age. The length of the leg is usually 2-3 cm with a thickness of 1.5-2 cm, which sharply distinguishes this species from other representatives of the genus.

• Cobweb watery blue, or dove blue: This species in Russia is known only in Primorye. However, it is widespread in North America and the countries of the European continent.

1. The cap is uniformly colored blue-gray, diameter up to 10 cm.
2. The smell is unpleasant, musty.
3. The taste is fresh.
4. There is no tuber-shaped thickening on the stem.

It grows under various deciduous trees, but more often under beech and oak. Growth is more group or colonial. Also, adult individuals lack the remains of the veil.

The species of triumphal cobweb is also considered edible. But due to its reduced taste, it should be classified as conditionally edible.

Conditionally edible

The difference between this group and edibles is that conditionally edibles require pre-processing. They should not be eaten raw; it is not recommended to eat them fried without prior soaking.

• Triumphal cobweb, or yellow has the following characteristics:

1. The cap reaches 7-12 cm in diameter, is brownish in the center and orange-yellow at the edges. The shape is flat or pillow-like. Usually the surface is sticky.
2. The pulp has a pleasant smell.
3. In young mushrooms, the “web” completely covers the plates. With age, the plates darken to a brownish color.
4. The diameter of the stem is 1 cm. Large fruiting bodies have a stem up to 3 cm in diameter. Height up to 15 cm.

This species lives in deciduous forests. They find it under birch and oak trees. Often accompanied by milk mushrooms.

• Slime cobweb: The main difference from other species is the presence of mucus that abundantly covers the cap. Individuals grow large - up to 12 cm in diameter of the cap, the corresponding leg is up to 20 cm in length.

The pulp of this species is odorless and tasteless. Color varies from white to cream. The mushroom is found in coniferous and mixed forests.

Attention! Do not confuse the slimy cobweb species with the slimy cobweb species.

• Slimy cobweb: the cap is covered with a mucous cobwebby covering. The mucus is thick and sometimes even hangs from the uneven edges of the cap. The cap is thinner at the edges than in the center. The color ranges from orange to dark brown. The pulp is white, loose. It is also distinguished by the smaller size of the fruiting bodies. The species is characterized by the formation of mycorrhiza with pine plantings.
• Excellent cobweb: its feature is appearance hats and legs. In adults, the cap is bell-shaped and has a rich brown or brown color. The diameter of the cap is up to 20 cm. The stem is long, clearly expanding downward from a cylinder into a cone. The surface of the fruiting body is soft and velvety. In adult mushrooms, they become wrinkled. A thin violet-gray stripe remains along the edges of the cap. The pulp is white or mixed with blue. It has a pleasant smell and taste. The species bears fruit in large groups and is more often found near birch or beech trees. Prefers deciduous forests. By the way. This is a little studied species.
• Bracelet web, or red: distinguished by the red or reddish-brown color of the cap. There is no mucus on it. The pulp has a characteristic musty odor. Prefers damp and mossy places. Found in mycorrhiza with pine or birch trees. The bracelet cobweb is identified by the bright “bracelets” on the stem left from the cobweb cover (cortina) and by the dark fibers on the cap.
• Purple cobweb: got its name because of the peculiarity of the pulp. When cut, it acquires a purple color, but when whole it is usually bluish or gray. The surface of the cap is sticky. The characteristics of young and adult individuals differ significantly:

1. In adults, the cap is flat, slightly concave at the edges. The plates are frequent, with a purple tint. The diameter of the cap is up to 15 cm. The stem is long, with a tuber at the very bottom. The color of the stem is purple, and the cap is olive, brown or brownish with impurities.
2. Young individuals have a spherical cap that practically merges with the stem. The leg itself is barrel-shaped.

• Gossamer webwort: differs from other brethren in the whitish color of the legs with a bluish or pinkish tint. The cap is light brown in color and prefers deciduous forests. The musty smell of the pulp is faint.
• Variable cobweb: received its name due to the change in color during growth. In adults and mature individuals, the colors of the legs and caps are different. A more common name is “multi-colored mushroom.” Usually the fruiting bodies are small, with an elongated stalk. The cap is brown or golden along the edge and lowered. The plates are light purple. There is a brownish-red stripe on the leg. In old mushrooms, the plates turn pale and turn brown. The leg is usually white or cream in color. The species bears fruit mainly in the south and east in deciduous plantations.

Poisonous species

• Poisonous cobweb: This species is found as often as the edible cobweb. It is precisely because of the abundance of dangerous doubles that the edible type of mushroom does not attract even a knowledgeable mushroom picker.
• Blue-banded cobweb: it is dangerous because its appearance is practically no different from an edible fruit. A hat with a bump in the center, gray and brown. Its lower concave edge has a purple or blue stripe. The pulp is odorless and tasteless. It also forms mycorrhiza with coniferous trees. Inedible.
• Common spiderwort: characterized by a brown or golden color of the cap. It has a cone-shaped shape, the edge is uneven, and the surface is mucous. The plates may be uneven. Common cobwebs often have spiral-shaped bands on the stalk, which distinguish the poisonous fruiting body from the edible one.
• The most beautiful cobweb: is fatal poisonous looking, it has a uniform brownish or reddish-orange color. The legs are long, and the caps are cone-shaped with uneven, torn edges. There is a protruding tubercle in the center of the cap. The most beautiful cobweb usually grows in groups.
• Goat's web, or goat, or smelly: bright blue or gray color, sometimes more blue. The peculiarity of the species is the presence of the chemical smell of acetone or a “goat” smell. The hat and leg are the same color. The smell only intensifies with heat treatment. Goat's webweed grows in the same coniferous and mossy forests.
• Lazy cobweb: has a characteristic cap color - reddish with crimson splashes. Grows in groups in symbiosis with birch and pine. Often the cap and stem are crooked, twisted or broken, with cracks. It is the irregularities and color that distinguish the species Lazy Cobweb from edible mushrooms.

• Cobweb spider brilliant: the cap has a bright yellow or ocher color. The color of the pulp when cut is lemon, does not darken. The plates of adults are greenish. The cap is covered with mucus. The toxin in the pulp acts slowly, so poisoning will not be immediately noticeable.
• Mountain spiderwort, or plush, or orange-red: a rare species characterized by the following characteristics:

1. Outwardly it looks like a beautiful spider web, but it deceives with its pleasant radish smell and good taste.
2. Danger of the species - poisoning appears 3 days after consumption.
3. It has a uniform, even color of orange or light brown. The surface is soft and velvety.

Identifying an inedible species is not easy, so don't risk taking a nice-smelling fruiting body into your basket.

• Scaly cobweb: looks similar to the edible species. It is distinguished by its brown-brown color and dark brown scales on the cap. There is a dark spot in the center of the cap. The stalk also has dark brown scales, often at the bottom. The smell is weak but pleasant.

The following types of spider webs are also considered inedible:

• p. chestnut (saffron);
• n. soiling;
• n. most elegant;
• n. membranous;
• n. most special.

Inedible species destroy the kidneys with their toxins, resulting in intoxication of the body.

Beneficial features

They are limited to standard indicators for mushrooms. This is the presence of protein, vitamins and microelements in the fruiting bodies. They contain more vitamins A and group B than fruits and vegetables.

Contraindications

Even edible mushrooms contraindicated:

1. Pregnant women, the elderly and children under 7-8 years old.
2. People with a weak stomach, intestines, suffering from various abnormalities in the gastrointestinal tract.
3. People with individual intolerance.

You cannot eat edible mushrooms collected within the city and near busy highways, factories, and the private sector.

Application

Cooking

Edible spider web mushrooms are considered a delicacy; they have a wonderful nutty taste. Tolstushka is delicious fried or stewed with sour cream or cream. Decoctions from the plum are used to make broth. Edible fruiting bodies are also pickled and dried, but this can result in loss of most taste.

The excellent cobweb is dried or pickled only after long soaking and boiling. Young specimens are suitable for pickling and salting. For your information. The shiny coating on the cap of the purple cobweb species disappears when dried.

Medicine

Used to obtain probiotics and extract valuable microelements. In industry, dyes are extracted from colored fruiting bodies. The species cannot be used in home medicine.

• Division: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
• Subdivision: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
• Class: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
• Subclass: Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
• Order: Agaricales (Agaric or Lamellar)
• Family: Cortinariaceae (Cobwebs)
• Genus: Cortinarius (Spiderweb)
• View: Cortinarius salor (Blue web spider)

Description:
The hat and blanket are slimy. 3-8 cm in diameter, initially convex, then flat, sometimes with a small tubercle, bright blue or bright bluish-violet, then from the center becomes grayish or pale brown, with a bluish or violet edge.

The plates are adherent, sparse, initially bluish or purple, remain that way for a very long time, then light brown.

Spores are 7-9 x 6-8 microns in size, broadly ellipsoidal to almost spherical, warty, yellow-brown.

The leg is slimy and dries out in dry weather. Bluish, bluish-violet, or lilac with ocher-greenish-olive spots, then whitish without bands. Size 6-10 x 1-2 cm, cylindrical or slightly thickened downward, closer to club-shaped.

The pulp is whitish, bluish under the skin of the cap, tasteless and odorless.

Spreading:
Grows in coniferous and deciduous forests, often with high humidity, prefers birch. On soil rich in calcium.

Similarities:
It is very similar to, grows with it and ends up in the baskets of inexperienced mushroom pickers along with the rows. It is similar to Cortinarius transiens, growing in coniferous forests on acidic soils, which is sometimes found in sources as Cortinarius salor ssp. transiens.

Grade:
Not edible.

Note:
Belongs to the subgenus Myxacium, which is characterized by a mucous cap, stalk and general veil. Among similar species, it belongs to the section Delibui (Cortinarius delibutus), which combines mushrooms with plates in bluish-violet tones.

Spider web is not the most common mushroom. Its family includes almost 40 species. Novice mushroom pickers sometimes confuse cobwebs with other mushrooms and throw them into a basket, without thinking that they can be deadly. Cobwebs come in a wide variety of shapes and colors. The names of the types of mushrooms speak for themselves: orange cobweb, crimson, white-violet, etc.

general information

The cobweb family got its name from the cobweb-like cover that connects the stem of the mushroom to the cap. It is especially noticeable in young mushrooms. In more mature members of the family, the cobweb encircles the lower part of the leg with a porous ring. All varieties of this mushroom have a round cap., which becomes more and more flat as it grows. Its surface has a smooth or scaly texture and can be either slippery or completely dry.

The stem and surface of the mushroom cap have almost the same color. The standard shape of the leg is cylindrical, but in some species it has a thickened base. The flesh of the mushroom is usually white, but can also be colored. The cobweb family loves moisture very much. They are most often found near wetlands, which is why they have earned the nickname “swamplanders.”

Mushrooms of this family are common in the European part of Russia, but they are quite difficult to find. Some species of cobwebs are listed in the Red Book. Spider webs rarely grow alone. Usually these are clans of 10 to 30 pieces, clustered in damp lowlands. It is recommended to collect them from late summer until the first frost.

The most special one is the most poisonous spider web. To avoid being hit fatally dangerous mushroom to cart, you need to find out more about it. The cap of an adult beautiful mushroom reaches a diameter of up to 10 cm. In young mushrooms it can be in the form of a cone. As the mushroom grows, the cap changes its appearance and acquires a flat-convex shape with a blunt tubercle in the center. The surface is dry, velvety, slightly scaly at the edges. The color of the cap can range from red-brown to ocher-brown.

The stem of an adult mushroom reaches 12 cm in length and 1.5 cm in width, it slightly widens towards the base and is covered with noticeable bracelets of a spider web. The surface is orange-brown, fibrous. The flesh of the mushroom is yellow-ochre, without taste. Sometimes has a faint radish odor.

The most special grows in coniferous and mixed wet forests in the north of the European part of our country. Contains slow-acting orellanine toxins, which cause severe renal failure with possible death.

First aid for poisoning

Typical symptoms of spider web poisoning are: vomiting, a feeling of dry mouth, constant thirst, cramping abdominal pain. If these symptoms occur after eating a mushroom, you should immediately call a doctor. Transporting a patient with suspected mushroom poisoning on your own is dangerous, because some toxins affect the functioning of the heart. While waiting for the ambulance to arrive, you must:

1. Perform gastric lavage.
2. Give a laxative.
3. Give a cleansing enema.