How to grow white at home. Growing porcini mushrooms in a personal plot. Using dispute

21.12.2018 Construction

How to grow porcini mushroom in the country? This question is increasingly being asked by gardeners who are tired of constantly going into the forest to pick mushrooms. It’s so convenient to have a mycelium on your site, which constantly brings a harvest of healthy mushrooms!

Growing porcini mushrooms in the country is a very simple process if you approach it wisely.

Things to consider

Before you start growing these valuable mushrooms at your dacha, you should familiarize yourself with some features. As a rule, porcini mushrooms grow in the wild in coniferous and mixed forests. Myceliums interact well with the roots of these trees. Therefore, it is almost impossible to find porcini mushrooms in a clean clearing.

Many gardeners wonder if it is possible to grow mushrooms at home, and the short answer is yes. These curious but tasty mushrooms are usually grown indoors rather than in the garden. You can purchase mushroom growing kits, but you can also create your own mushroom growing plot. Let's learn a little about how to grow mushrooms.

Mushrooms growing at home starts with choosing the type of mushroom you will grow. Some popular options for growing mushrooms at home. Mushrooms-mushrooms-shiitake mushrooms. . You will need to purchase the spores or spawn of your chosen mushroom from a reputable dealer. To grow mushrooms at home, you can think of spores as seeds and also as seedlings. Spawn is easier to process and grow into mushrooms at home. U different mushrooms different plant environments. Shiitake mushrooms are usually grown on deciduous or sawdust, oyster mushrooms on straw, and porcini mushrooms on compost manure.

This must be taken into account before placing the mycelium on your site. It is best to do this in a place where at least one small Christmas tree or pine tree grows. Under such trees, not only will mushrooms constantly appear, but all other plants around will feel comfortable. After all, pine resin and substances released into the air by this tree kill all pathogenic bacteria.

How to Grow Edible Mushrooms at Home

Join thousands of other manufacturers who already receive our monthly newsletter. Once you have chosen the mushroom you will grow and have the mushroom that you prefer to grow, the basic steps for growing mushrooms are the same.

Growing mushrooms requires a cool, dark, damp place. Typically this will be in the basement, but an unused closet or cupboard will also work - wherever you create darkness and control the temperature and humidity. Place the eggs on the growing medium.

All porcini mushrooms do not tolerate fruit trees in the neighborhood very well. And often myceliums simply do not take root and die in places near such trees.

Be sure to take this into account and place the mycelium at least near wooden pine buildings or under bushes if there are no necessary trees nearby.

After about three weeks, the eggs will begin to take root - threads will spread into the growing medium. This is the best temperature for growing mushrooms. Then cover the spawn with a small plunger. Cover the soil and pot with a damp cloth and spray the cloth with water when dry. After three to four weeks you will see small mushrooms. The mushrooms are ready to harvest when the lid is completely open and separated from the stem.

Video - Growing porcini mushrooms

Now that you know how to grow mushrooms at home, you can try this fun and worthy project for yourself. Many people agree that growing mushrooms at home produces better-tasting mushroom than what you find in the store. They are very impressive: 12 inches across, spherical and white, much like a huge upside-down bread. Their flavor is delicate, the texture is meaty, and they are especially well fried.

How to breed porcini mushrooms

Cultivation of porcini mushrooms in summer cottages can be done in several ways. And you need to choose the most suitable option for yourself. Now let's look at some of the simplest and at the same time uncomplicated ways to grow porcini mushrooms at home.

How to grow porcini mushroom directly under a tree? Please note that the mycelium should be located under the same type of tree from which it was previously dug out in the forest. Otherwise, nothing will work.

Sowing forest mycelium

The puffals were a little taller and sagged. Since then, nothing, not a single fool, has appeared. Downy mushrooms begin to grow. Underground, a network of thread-like hyphae known as mycelium covers an often vast area, absorbing nutrients and acting as the engine of the fungus room.

But the good news is that since most of their "body" exists underground for many years, the spider can return at any time. Britain's wet autumns are generally good for mushrooms, and forage from wooded or rural areas is a great excuse to take your dog out for a walk as the days shorten. If you're new to mushroom hunting, now is the time to sign up for an outing—anywhere from a few hours to a day with a mushroom expert. You'll learn what to look for, where to look for it and, most importantly, not to touch the barge's pole.

First, remove the top layer of soil around the tree. This must be done within a radius of no more than 0.7 m from the trunk. It is recommended to remove the soil to a depth of about 25-30 cm. Now into the resulting hole you need to pour and evenly distribute pre-prepared organic material from the dug up soil, leaves or needles and pieces of bark of the tree under which you plan to grow mushrooms.

There's no need to study every mushroom out there. As with sunflowers and blackberries, collecting wild mushrooms has inspired me to grow my own. It's ridiculously easy and has the confidence to prepare delicious, safe mushrooms that can be difficult to source otherwise. There are various methods for growing mushrooms at home, each of which introduces the spawn into a growing medium - such as a book, straw or larch wood. This encourages the mycelium to develop and in turn produce mushrooms.

Growing in a greenhouse

The caviar grain is sprinkled between the soaked pages of the book, which is kept in a warm and moist plastic bag. After a few weeks, white fur of mycelium begins to cover the book. After a couple of days in the refrigerator, the mixel goes into production, and within a week baby mushrooms appear, which quickly grow in stages according to the book, to be picked a few days later.

Now you can lay a thin layer of mycelium and sprinkle it on top with a mixture of loose soil with sand and leaves or needles. Do not sprinkle or trample heavily. All that remains is to water everything from above from a watering can and wait for the first harvest to appear.

The second option for growing porcini mushrooms is to grow them from fresh caps. This is a simpler method, but in most cases you have to wait a little longer for the harvest. For breeding, you do not need to dig up the entire mycelium or part of it in the forest. It will be enough to collect at least 10 mushrooms, the diameter of whose caps is 10-15 cm.

How to grow wild mushrooms on the plot? Proven methods!

The book does good house for mushrooms. Replicating the principle but on a larger scale, soaked straw in a trash bag provides a fine growing medium for mycelium to develop and fungi to grow through the cracks. Often produces larger mushrooms than the book method. Mushrooms will grow on soaked hardwood chips, garden shreds, clean straw, or any combination thereof. Wooden dowels seeded with eggs are pushed through the mulch into the soil, and the mushrooms follow after three months or up to a year, depending on conditions.

It is best to immediately check the fruiting bodies so that they are not too wormy. Ideally, when you break off a piece of the cap, you will see juicy green flesh. If there are several worms or insects on the mushroom, it’s not a big deal.

The main thing is that the entire cap is not wormy. Under the same trees where the mushrooms will be collected, you should collect some twigs, leaves, needles and soil. All this will be useful for the subsequent cultivation of mushrooms on the site.
Preparing planting material at home
A space under a tree can remain productive for three years or so, and if you keep at it, they can continue to produce indefinitely. This is a great way to grow mushroom mushrooms shiitake and lion. Fresh deciduous wood is needed to ensure that it does not contain other fungi.

Methods for growing porcini mushrooms
Wooden dowels seeded with spawn are cut into holes drilled along each log, which are then wrapped in a plastic bag to retain moisture and placed somewhere cool, out of the sun and wind. The mycelium usually develops between six months and a year later. Mushrooms often begin to form during a warm spot after a cold rain, so once the mycelium has formed, you can replicate these conditions by soaking the log cold water within 48 hours in warm weather.

This growing method is also called sowing. First you need to prepare the material for sowing. To do this, all collected fruiting bodies should be lightly washed in water, and then placed to soak in a bucket of rain or spring water. The next day, you need to knead everything thoroughly with your hands to get a homogeneous paste. But practice shows that it is never possible to do everything perfectly. Therefore, it is additionally recommended to once again pass the mashed pulp through a fine sieve or cheesecloth.

Once you're set up, there's little to do other than be patient for a few days or months. Most varieties can be grown in indoors whether in a small space or on a slightly larger scale in the garden - a good supplier will advise you on the best ones for you.

Lightly flavored, fast-growing, native mushrooms that produce most readily in the spring and fall. Comes in pink, yellow, white and blue varieties. Oyster shrooms are great in a stir-fry. Gently seasoned and beautiful, morels are poisonous when raw but perfectly safe when cooked.

Using the same sieve (gauze), separate the pulp from the water. The seed and spore liquid are now ready. All that remains is to prepare the place. To do this, lightly loosen the top layer of soil around the tree, then water it with the resulting mushroom water. When the liquid is absorbed into the soil, scatter the mushroom pulp evenly on top. All this should be sprinkled on top with soil from under the same tree and watered again with a small amount of water so as not to clog the soil.

Don't forget to cook morels, they are poisonous when raw. A strangely hairy, pale mushroom. If Andy Warhol were a mushroom, this would be one. Unusual looking, but delicious. With its deep burgundy cap and white stem, garden giants can grow as large as puffballs but are best suited for eating. They are native to deciduous forests in the United States and Europe and are easy to grow.

Garden giants are best chosen small. Richly seasoned, shiitakes are expensive to buy and usually only available dried. They add depth and character to soups, risotto and stews. Shiitake is excellent in risotto. Growing mushrooms on straw is one of the easiest and healthiest ways to produce food at home.

To ensure that mushrooms begin to grow as quickly as possible, try to constantly moisten the soil. But you shouldn’t overdo it with water either.

The optimal amount of liquid per tree is approximately 4 buckets. It is advisable to water the mycelium with water at the same temperature as the surrounding air.

You can start with a mushroom kit - or even better - make your own mushroom journal and grow mushrooms at home. With a little equipment or materials, you can grow more delicious gourmet mushrooms than you'll know what to do with!

The main stages of growing on straw

This process involves inoculating pasteurized straw to produce a mushroom grain, allowing fungi to colonize the straw and placing your mushroom log in the right conditions environment for fruiting.

Transfer to a pan or other suitable medium to initiate the growth of mushroom fruits. Fruit container, such as polypressure pipe or a 5 gallon bucket with holes drilled into the sides.

Step 1: Selecting Mushrooms

It will take 7-14 days.
Harvest and enjoy!
Straw, or wheat straw, or oat straw in fairly good condition.
Pasteurization method.
I like to use a propane torch and a large drum.
Mushroom powder.

What types of mushrooms can you grow at home using straws?

Growing porcini mushrooms (video)

Other things to remember

What is needed to grow porcini mushrooms in a greenhouse? The answer to this question is quite simple. Nothing special! Growing in a greenhouse involves the same actions, only the mycelium should additionally be covered with a special material that allows light and air to pass through.

There will be a lot growing on the straw different types mushrooms, but the most useful type to grow are oyster mushrooms. They are easy to grow, colonize quickly and are fertile. Oyster mushrooms come in many shapes, including blue, pink, yellow, pearl and king oysters.

Everyone has slightly different environmental preferences and some will be more productive or faster on straw than others. Most gourmet mushrooms also grow on added sawdust - you can read all about that. Growing mushrooms in the backyard is not very difficult work. However, it does require some care, but for the most part the process is quite simple.

Growing in a greenhouse should be done in the cold season and in the summer when the nights are cold(it is recommended to cover the soil with garden film, after sprinkling the mycelium with needles or small twigs and leaves). In the warm season, there is no need to create a greenhouse, since the mushrooms themselves must take root and begin to quickly grow and reproduce in the area.

Grow mushrooms in your home with these 5 simple steps

The best conditions for growing mushrooms can be maintained indoors because we have more control over light and other factors that affect its growth. Below is a 5-step procedure for growing mushrooms.

Determine the type of mushroom you want to grow

Three types of mushrooms that can be easily grown at home are shiitake, oyster and white button. A similar method is used to grow all these mushrooms. However, the source material is different. Porcini mushrooms grow best in composted manure, oysters grow best in straw, and shiitake mushrooms grow best in sawdust.

It must be remembered that usually after planting mycelium in the ground, the first harvest appears only the next year. Therefore, you should not expect that mushrooms will begin to grow in the same season. After all, the mycelium must take root in a new place and adapt to the conditions. If we are talking about sowing porcini mushrooms using fruiting bodies, as was already mentioned a little higher, then here the harvest can be waited for 2 years, since the spores must develop enough to sprout and turn into delicious mushrooms.

Growing porcini mushrooms in the country is not so difficult if you follow all the above tips. All you need is a little attention and patience, then you can constantly collect porcini mushrooms on the site, which are very healthy and aromatic. Just be extremely careful. Do not confuse porcini mushrooms with others, so as not to place mycelium or fruiting bodies with spores of poisonous or inedible mushrooms on your site.

How to grow mushrooms in the country (video)

Gallery: porcini mushrooms (15 photos)

Thanks to its rich taste and delicate aroma, the porcini mushroom is considered the most valuable trophy with “ quiet hunt" However, not all gourmets like to wander through the forests in search of prey, and this delicacy is not cheap. However, there is a way out! Let's find out how to grow porcini mushrooms on your own plot.

To grow mushrooms at home, you need to stock up on seed material. To prepare it yourself, you need to find overripe boletus mushrooms in the forest (dried and wormy ones will do).

To obtain seed, you need about 10 caps. At home, separate them from the stalks and prepare a container with water. You can add alcohol (3 tablespoons per 10 liters), potassium permanganate (1 g per bucket) and granulated sugar (50 g) to the water. Mash the caps in your hands and add them to the water to form a homogeneous mass. It should infuse for about 10 hours. After that, strain it. Fungal spores are contained in water; no pulp is needed. Use the hats collected in the forest within a few hours, otherwise they will spoil. They cannot be frozen.

To grow boletus mushrooms at home, you can use a mycelium brought from the forest: having found an adult mushroom in the forest, cut off a layer of earth around it about 25x25 cm. At home, you can lay the entire mycelium in the prepared soil or divide it into 8–20 pieces.

Buying ready-made mycelium

Growing porcini mushrooms at home is possible using purchased mycelium. The mycelium of the porcini mushroom can be either dry or already germinated, placed in a substrate. If you intend to purchase it online, choose trusted and reliable suppliers. When purchasing directly, please note: the sprouted mycelium of porcini mushrooms should be red in color with small yellow splashes. The presence of black and green areas, as well as the strong smell of ammonia, indicate that the product is damaged.

In open areas, planting the mycelium of porcini mushrooms should be done under a forest tree. The first harvest can be expected next year. Fruiting from the mycelium lasts on average 3–4 years, but if beneficial microorganisms are added to the water for irrigation (for example, “Baikal EM-1”), this period can be extended to seven years and, in addition, the yield can be increased.

Substrate selection and preparation

To grow mushrooms on garden plot, you can use a purchased substrate or prepare it yourself. To do this you need to mix straw, sawdust deciduous trees, sunflower husk. Other sources recommend alternating layers: one from a mixture of fallen leaves with sawdust, the second from the same mixture with the addition of soil. It is important that none of the components contain rot or mold. Before planting mushrooms, the substrate must be properly moistened, and it is recommended to use boiling water or steam - this will also kill harmful bacteria.

Features of cultivation

First, decide where you will grow your crops: in the basement, greenhouse or on the plot. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages.

First, let's look at how to grow porcini mushrooms on your property.

Growing porcini mushrooms on a personal plot requires the presence of coniferous or deciduous forest trees. Fruit mushrooms are not suitable - you need to grow porcini mushrooms in your dacha away from any cultivated plants, be they trees, shrubs or vegetables.

Remove the top layer of soil (about 15 cm) around the selected tree. It is advisable that the roots be exposed, but under no circumstances should they be damaged. If you are using a spore infusion, pour it onto the ground (approximately 350 ml per 25 sq. cm). Then cover again with soil and water generously - either along the trunk or using shallow irrigation. In this way, you can plant porcini mushrooms in your dacha in August-September.

To plant mycelium, make a 1.5 square meter depression near the tree. m in diameter and 30 cm in depth. Place the substrate in it, alternating it with soil in layers of 10 cm. The height of such a bed should be 20 cm above ground level. Plant the mycelium in the substrate in a checkerboard pattern at a distance of 30 cm between the bags. After carefully watering the bed, cover it with a layer of fallen leaves.

Planting of mycelium can be carried out from May to September.

Caring for planted mushrooms consists mainly of abundant watering. For the winter, it is recommended to cover them with a thick layer of foliage, spruce branches or straw.

Growing mushrooms in a greenhouse or basement means creating a warm and humid microclimate, since it will not be possible to grow a lot of porcini mushrooms in dry air. In order for the greenhouse atmosphere to meet these requirements, it is recommended to install several barrels of water or wet sawdust there.

The substrate needed for indoors is the same as for open areas. In the basement they fill bags with small cuts. It is recommended to sow with mycelium. The bags should be placed no closer than 5 cm from each other.

During the incubation period (until the caps appear), the temperature should be maintained at +23–25 °C; a temperature of +30 °C will destroy most of the mycelium of the crop being grown.

Lighting is not required at this time. In a greenhouse it is advisable to turn it down as much as possible; in the basement simply do not turn it on. Ventilation is not necessary, but the humidity should not be more than 90% to prevent mold from growing. Also, to prevent it, periodically disinfect with a chlorine solution.

Growing mushrooms require different care: when the caps appear, the temperature is lowered to +10 °C. Now the greenhouse or cellar should be well ventilated - oxygen is necessary for the normal development of boletus mushrooms. Lighting is required for 5–6 hours a day. To grow porcini mushrooms in a greenhouse, it should be dim, without direct sunlight. It is advisable to spray the mushrooms with a spray bottle 2 times a day: this will make their structure more dense. The first harvest can usually be harvested after 20–25 days.

Moldy bags must be removed from the premises immediately. It will no longer be possible to grow mushrooms on them, but they can become a good fertilizer.

Please note: boletus mushrooms have difficulty taking root without the proximity of trees, and the first attempts to grow them in the basement may be unsuccessful. But if you intend to start breeding porcini mushrooms this way, choose Dutch mycelium: in Holland, a variety of boletus mushrooms was developed that grows most easily “in captivity.”

But having mastered all the subtleties, you can harvest mushrooms indoors all year round or even start growing porcini mushrooms on an industrial scale: since it is more difficult to grow boletus mushrooms than champignons or oyster mushrooms, they are much more valuable.

Finally, some little secrets of mushroom growing.

When you collect seed yourself, boletus mushrooms that grow near the type of tree that is on your site will take root better. When physically transferring mycelium, their appearance must necessarily match.

It is recommended to disinfect the substrate or soil 2–3 hours before planting with a solution of tannins. It can be prepared from cheap black tea: pour 50-100 g into 1 liter of boiling water and brew until it cools completely. Another option is oak bark. You will need 30 g per 1 liter of water. The bark should be boiled for an hour, adding water to the original volume as it boils. For each “mushroom” tree you need 2–3 liters of one of these solutions.