Quiz “We are against corruption!”

(8-11 grades)

QUESTION 1: When is International Anti-Corruption Day observed? And since what year is this day celebrated?
ANSWER: 9th December. Since 2004.

QUESTION 2: Which government bodies, classified by territorial basis, are empowered to combat corruption?

ANSWER: "Federal bodies of state power, bodies of state power of the subjects Russian Federation and local governments"

QUESTION 3: Give a short phrase or one word for what will now be listed:

1) recognition, provision and protection of fundamental rights and freedoms of man and citizen;

2) legality;

3) publicity and openness of activities government agencies and local governments;

4) the inevitability of responsibility for committing corruption offenses;

5) integrated use of political, organizational, information and propaganda, socio-economic, legal, special and other measures;

6) priority application of measures to prevent corruption;

7) cooperation of the state with civil society institutions, international organizations and individuals.

ANSWER: principles of anti-corruption policy

QUESTION 4: Is the failure of a citizen, upon entering the civil service, to provide information about his income, property and property-related obligations, as well as about the income, property and property-related obligations of his spouse and minor children, or provision of knowingly false or incomplete information?

ANSWER : Is.

QUESTION 5: Criminal law Tsarist Russia divided bribery into two types: bribery and...

ANSWER : Extortion.

QUESTION 6: To what extent of responsibility (punishment) should persons holding public office be held liable for failure to submit a declaration to the tax authority, if the act does not contain signs of a criminal offense?

ANSWER : Dismissal

QUESTION 7: In accordance with which legal acts responsible government positions are established

ANSWER : Constitution of the Russian Federation, Constitutional and other laws of the Russian Federation

QUESTION 7: Which king issued the Code of Laws (1832, 1842, 1857), which included a chapter on liability for bribery and extortion?

ANSWER : NikolayI

QUESTION 8: M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin said “Under such laws, life in Russia is without (them) ... would be impossible." What does the writer mean?

ANSWER : Bribes

QUESTION 9: What actions did Catherine II take towards officials to reduce corruption?

ANSWER : Increased salary, which was paid on time

QUESTION 10: Critics of Tsar Nicholas l regarded the fight against corruption that he initiated as an increase in corruption itself. In addition, officials came up with new ways of theft, bypassing the measures taken by Nicholas I, as evidenced by the statement of Senator K. I. Fischer:
“Clerical arrogance has from time immemorial constituted chronic ulcer Russia... Under Nicholas, this impudence began to take on correct forms, despite the severity of the emperor... Previously, arrogance acted by breaking laws, now it began to draw laws that promoted theft... Demoralization remained underground; office rats, in the darkness of the night, gnawed at the state machine... Finally, insolence of the highest kind comes in, where high dignitaries take the initiative and take the office bastard as their accomplices... Nikolai Pavlovich served Russia conscientiously, but he made mistakes in the system and was deceived with disgusting cynicism.”
Nicholas I himself was critical of the successes in this area, saying that those around him were the only ones who did not steal and... Who, besides Nicholas I, does not steal?

ANSWER : Heir

QUESTION 11: Anti-corruption can be successful if its main causes are eradicated... (what should be revealed?)

ANSWER : Causes

QUESTION 12: What was the name of the body created by Peter I to combat lawlessness and to supervise the observance of law and order, including by civil servants?

ANSWER : Prosecutor's office

QUESTION 13: Who was the first Prosecutor General of Russia?

ANSWER : Pavel Ivanovich Yaguzhinsky

QUESTION 14: What penalties can be applied to a civil servant for corruption offences? (for each correct answer – 1 point)

ANSWER : 1) remark; 2) reprimand; 3) warning about incomplete job compliance; 4) dismissal due to loss of confidence.

QUESTION 15: What is the name of a bribe in Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov’s dictionary?

ANSWER : Bribe

ConceptIn accordance with paragraph 1 of Article 1 of the Federal Law dated December 25, 2008 No. 273-FZ “On
anti-corruption", corruption means
“abuse of official position, bribery,
bribery, abuse of power,
commercial bribery or other illegal use
an individual of his official position contrary to
legitimate interests of society and the state in order to
receiving benefits in the form of money, valuables, other property
or services of a property nature, other property
rights for yourself or for third parties or illegal
provision of such benefit to a specified person by others
individuals"

Legal basis for combating corruption

In accordance with Article 2 of the Federal Law “Legal basis for countering
corruption constitute the Constitution of the Russian Federation,
federal constitutional laws, generally recognized
principles and norms of international law and
international treaties of the Russian Federation, this
Federal law and other federal laws,
regulatory legal acts of the President of the Russian Federation
Federation, as well as regulatory legal acts of the Government
Russian Federation, regulatory legal acts of other
federal government bodies, regulatory
legal acts of state authorities of the subjects
Russian Federation and municipal legal acts."

The international cooperation

The Russian Federation has ratified a number of international agreements in
in this area, in particular:
1. UN Convention against Corruption (the Russian Federation has signed
Convention of December 9, 2003 (Order of the President of the Russian Federation dated December 6, 2003 No.
581-rp), ratified with statements (Federal Law of 03/08/2006
No. 40-FZ);
2. Convention on Criminal Law against Corruption (concluded in
Strasbourg 01/27/1999 For the Russian Federation this document entered
in force from February 1, 2007);
3. Convention against Bribery of Foreign Public Officials
when conducting international business transactions (the Convention has entered into
into force on February 15, 1999, the Russian Federation acceded to the Convention
(Federal Law No. 3-FZ dated 01.02.2012), which came into force for
Russian Federation 04/17/2012);
4. UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime
(The Russian Federation signed the Convention on December 12, 2000 (Order
President of the Russian Federation dated December 9, 2000 No. 556-rp), ratified with statements
(Federal Law of April 26, 2004 No. 26-FZ). The Convention entered into force for
Russian Federation June 25, 2004)

History of corruption in Russia

One of the first legislative restrictions on corruption
actions were noted under Ivan III.
Ivan the Terrible introduced the death penalty as punishment for
excessive bribes
Peter I introduced the position of governor general. He
was in charge of both civil and military administration, had to
fight judicial red tape, has the right to suspend
execution of a court decision
Decree of the Council of People's Commissars (SNK) of the RSFSR of May 8, 1918
“On bribery” became the first legal document in Soviet Russia
an act that provided for criminal liability for
bribery - “imprisonment for a term of at least five years,
combined with forced labor for the same period.”

10 facts about corruption

1. “Feeding” officials in Rus' was officially abolished only
in 1556 under Ivan the Terrible. He introduced the death penalty, however,
only for excessive bribes.
2. Under Peter I, receiving a bribe in any form began to be considered
crime, since officials began to be paid a fixed
salary. The Siberian governor was exposed for corruption and hanged
Gagarin, and Menshikov miraculously escaped exile to Siberia when
it turned out that he took bribes for providing profitable military
contracts.
3. Catherine II acted more softly. She banned bribes, but
bribe takers were not executed. Their names were announced publicly
familiarization.

4. In Finland, a bribe can be punished with up to 2 years in prison. Except
In addition, the official may be prohibited from holding certain positions.
5. In Germany, bribe-takers are punished with fines and imprisonment
freedom for up to 3 years. The same ones are punished much more severely
actions performed by a judge or arbitrator, they entail
entails imprisonment for up to 10 years.
6. In France, for a bribe, managers and employees of industrial or
commercial enterprises can receive up to 7 years, and official
persons – up to 10 years. This penalty is doubled if the actions
the criminal had some consequences.

7. In Italy, bribes are theoretically punishable from 4 to 12 years.
8. US law provides for punishment in the form of
a fine, the amount of which is calculated as triple the amount of the bribe,
or imprisonment for up to 15 years. Both punishments can
be combined by court decision.

9. There are two laws on bribery in Great Britain. Briber
sentenced to imprisonment or payment of costs
bribes. Additionally, he is deprived of the right to be elected or
appointed to any position for a period of seven years. When
re-conviction, the offender may be sentenced to imprisonment
official rights forever, as well as deprivation of the right to any
compensation or pension.
10. The harshest punishment for a bribe exists in modern
communist states - Cuba and China. There for bribes
the death penalty is provided. And, if in Cuba due to national
traditions and character, bribes are often overlooked, then in
China has executed 10,000 people for bribery since 2000.
officials.

Concept In accordance with paragraph 1 of Art. 1 Federal Law of December 25, 2008 No. 273 -FZ “On Combating Corruption”, corruption is understood as “abuse of official position, bribery, receiving a bribe, abuse of power, commercial bribery or other illegal use by an individual of his official position contrary to legal interests of society and the state in order to obtain benefits in the form of money, valuables, other property or services of a property nature, other property rights for oneself or for third parties, or the illegal provision of such benefits to the specified person by other individuals"

Legal basis for combating corruption In accordance with Art. 2 Federal Law “The legal basis for combating corruption is the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal constitutional laws, generally recognized principles and norms of international law and international treaties of the Russian Federation, this Federal Law and other federal laws, regulatory legal acts of the President of the Russian Federation, as well as regulatory legal acts of the Government of the Russian Federation Federations, regulatory legal acts of other federal government bodies, regulatory legal acts of government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipal legal acts. »

International cooperation The Russian Federation has ratified a number of international agreements in this area, in particular: 1. The UN Convention against Corruption (the Russian Federation signed the Convention on December 9, 2003 (Order of the President of the Russian Federation dated December 6, 2003 No. 581 -rp), ratified with statements (Federal Law of March 8, 2006 No. 40-FZ); 2. Convention on Criminal Liability for Corruption (concluded in Strasbourg on January 27, 1999. For the Russian Federation, this document came into force on 1 February 2007); 3. Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Officials in International Business Transactions (The Convention entered into force on February 15, 1999. The Russian Federation acceded to the Convention (Federal Law dated February 1, 2012 No. 3-FZ), which came into force for the Russian Federation on April 17, 2012); . No. 556 -rp), ratified with statements (Federal Law of April 26, 2004 No. 26 -FZ). The Convention entered into force for the Russian Federation on June 25, 2004)

History of corruption in Russia Some of the first legislative restrictions on corrupt practices were noted under Ivan III. Ivan the Terrible introduced the death penalty as a punishment for excessive bribes. Peter I introduced the post of governor-general. He was in charge of both civil and military administration, had to fight judicial red tape, and had the right to suspend the execution of a court decision. The Decree of the Council of People's Commissars (SNK) of the RSFSR of May 8, 1918 “On bribery” became the first in Soviet Russia legal act, which provided for criminal liability for bribery - “imprisonment for a term of at least five years, combined with forced labor for the same period.”

10 facts about corruption 1. “Feeding” officials in Rus' was officially abolished only in 1556 under Ivan the Terrible. He introduced the death penalty, however, only for excessive bribes. 2. Under Peter I, receiving a bribe in any form began to be considered a crime, as officials began to be paid a fixed salary. The Siberian governor Gagarin was exposed for corruption and hanged, and Menshikov miraculously escaped exile to Siberia when it turned out that he had taken bribes for providing lucrative military contracts. 3. Catherine II acted more softly. She banned bribes, but bribe-takers were not executed. Their names were announced for everyone to see.

4. In Finland, a bribe can be punished with up to 2 years in prison. In addition, an official may be prohibited from holding certain positions. 5. In Germany, bribe-takers are punished with fines and imprisonment for up to 3 years. The same actions committed by a judge or arbitrator are punished much more severely; they entail imprisonment for up to 10 years. 6. In France, for bribery, managers and employees of industrial or commercial enterprises can receive up to 7 years, and officials - up to 10 years. This punishment is doubled if the offender's actions had any consequences.

7. In Italy, bribes are theoretically punishable from 4 to 12 years. 8. US law provides for punishment in the form of a fine, the amount of which is calculated as triple the bribe, or imprisonment for up to 15 years. Both punishments can be combined by court decision.

9. There are two laws on bribery in Great Britain. The bribe-taker is sentenced to imprisonment or to pay the cost of the bribe. Additionally, he is deprived of the right to be elected or appointed to any position for a period of seven years. If convicted again, the offender may be sentenced to permanent disqualification from office, as well as no right to any compensation or pension. 10. The most severe punishment for a bribe exists in modern communist states - in Cuba and China. There is a death penalty for bribes. And, if in Cuba, due to national traditions and character, bribes are often turned a blind eye, then in China, since 2000, 10 thousand officials have been shot for bribery.

It was believed that our two biggest troubles were fools and roads. But there is also a more global problem - corruption. The authorities talk about an uncompromising fight against corruption, and yet almost every day the media talks about some corrupt high-ranking official. It seems that it is very difficult to find an honest and incorruptible official.

Nowadays, corruption is being combated, although not very successfully. They tried to fight it in past centuries.

Did you know that December 9th is “Anti-Corruption Day”? Corruption is not a new word. It has existed at all times: both today and hundreds and even thousands of years ago. The volume of bribes is simply amazing. But the fight against bribery has almost never brought tangible results. The greed for profit always overpowered the fear of possible punishment. During the entire period of the fight against corruption in history, a lot of interesting things have been accumulated.

Global corruption

Not really rich country In Zimbabwe, doctors in maternity hospitals set a “birth fee” of $50. Remarkably, this represents approximately a third of the average annual earnings of a Zimbabwean. In addition to this, a fine for screaming during childbirth was also introduced - $5. It is not surprising that after giving birth, many flee through the hospital windows in order to avoid exorbitant fees.

in 2011, Uzbekistan topped the list of the most corrupt countries in the world. This is the first country from the post-Soviet space. Before this, Somalia had the palm.

In Mexico, the volume of bribes reaches $5 billion. This is approximately 10% of the country's GDP. The country receives approximately the same amount of income from tourism.

China has some of the harshest penalties for bribery, often resulting in the death penalty. Since the beginning of the 2000s, more than 10 thousand officials have been executed. More than 100 thousand were sentenced to imprisonment from 10 to 20 years.

Countries with minimal levels of corruption:

Denmark, Finland, New Zealand, Sweden, Switzerland, Australia, Norway, Singapore, Canada, Netherlands

The most corrupt countries in the world

Uzbekistan, Somalia, Afghanistan, North Korea, Vessels, Turkmenistan, Venezuela, Iraq, Zimbabwe, Haiti

According to the World Bank, the volume of all bribes worldwide is estimated at $1 trillion.

And this official statistics. But usually, the real amount can be safely increased several times. Particularly interesting is the fact that in those countries in which the fight against corruption is especially zealous, the annual volume of “dirty” money is comparable to the country’s budget, and sometimes significantly exceeds it.

Corruption in Russia

Russia is also far from being in the last ranks in this regard. According to various sources, the volume of bribes in Russia ranges from 300 to 350 billion dollars. For comparison, Greece's GDP is 300 billion, in Russia - 900 billion. dollars. But if we take a less economically developed country, for example, Japan, then its GDP is 4.5 trillion dollars!

In terms of corruption, Russia is in the range of 130-140 places out of 183 countries of the world. On the list it is located next to countries such as Azerbaijan, Belarus, Uganda, and Nigeria.

facts about corruption

In 2008, then-President Dmitry Medvedev declared a full-scale war on corruption. The most amazing thing is that over the past time average level bribes have grown more than 30 times and currently amount to about 400-500 thousand rubles. The amount of commercial bribery is 5 million rubles. Apparently the officials decided not to take risks on trifles, since a hunt was announced for them. If you take bribes, then take them big.

In preparation for the APEC summit in Vladivostok, by 2012, during construction, according to official data, about 100 million rubles were stolen. Criminal cases were opened. The culprits were punished. But essentially this is a drop in the bucket. According to unofficial data, tens of times more were stolen. The preparations for the summit itself cost the treasury more than 300 billion rubles.

Lawyer and blogger Alexei Navalny became widely known as an anti-corruption fighter after he published a post on his blog about how budget money was wasted during the construction of the Eastern Siberia - Pacific Ocean" As Navalny claimed, more than $4 billion was stolen during construction. It turns out that 1,100 rubles were stolen from each resident of the country.

The power of Peter I manifested itself in many areas government activities. He was able to make a huge breakthrough in the development of the Russian economy, create a fleet, defeat the Swedes, and bring the country closer to Europe. But one problem turned out to be beyond his control, although he put in a lot of effort. We are talking about theft and corruption in the state.

A few words from the history of corruption

Corruption flourished in Russian society even before Peter I. The great princes also tried to fight the domestic misfortune, but to no avail. There were even legal bribes that were not called that. Even the definitions had a tinge of righteousness. For example, there were “honors” - quite traditional gratitude to an official for starting a business, or “remembrance” - the same reward, but upon completion. The bureaucratic system contributed to the flourishing of corruption. Officials did not receive salaries, but lived off people's offerings. That is, officials were in charge of the people. Hence the pattern.

Later, all offerings began to be divided into bribery and extortion. Both were enshrined in law. The first - “bribe” - was intended for the official as payment for work on carrying out an authorized action. The second – from the word “dashing” – was paid for violations that the official had to commit along the way.

The state grew, and the bureaucratic apparatus became stronger. All long-standing traditions migrated from century to century, becoming entrenched on a subconscious level. It has become natural to express gratitude to officials for any document executed or issued - the performance of their direct duties.

Russian corruption has given rise to many catch phrases(“if you don’t grease, you won’t go”), including “stay on your toes.” The expression has nothing to do with human face, but to the “smuggling” of gifts into government services under cover. If for some reason the employee refused the “gifts”, the applicant went home with his “nose”.

Measures taken in the era of Peter the Great

The steps that Peter I took were varied. The first thing the sovereign did was to give up any income himself, switching to an officer’s salary. It is clear that salary standards were periodically revised, and the king received a higher rate.

The second step is state support for officials - work for a salary issued from the treasury. The next action was the creation of a body that monitored compliance with the law in bureaucratic circles.

Punishments for violation included prison, beatings and even execution. There are several known cases when Peter publicly executed especially malicious state thieves and corrupt officials. Only Menshikov, the main Russian embezzler, managed to smooth out the tsar’s anger. The royal assistant mercilessly stole, repented, repaid the debt, ... and stole again.

Once Peter announced that he would punish by hanging those who stole an amount equal to the cost of the rope. Then one of those close to him said that in this case the sovereign would remain reigning alone.

Results of the actions of Peter I

In a mass sense, the tsar failed to overcome corruption. But several of his steps led to undeniable positive results. Among the most important was the transfer of state-owned enterprises to private ownership. Entrepreneurs received ownership of plants and factories on the condition that they fulfill government orders, and consider anything done in addition to be their profit. Using the proceeds from sales, industrial owners began to build even more factories. Thanks to this, it happened rapid growth Russian economy.

Unfortunately, Peter's followers did not support his initiatives, canceling both the salaries of officials and penalties for bribery.