Disabled children playing in the playroom. Games for older people

12.08.2019 Technique

Games for children with disabilities

Recently, in the general complex of measures for the rehabilitation of disabled children with disorders of the central nervous system and musculoskeletal system, more and more attention is being paid to play activities as an element of social adaptation

Games can be aimed at correcting and restoring movement disorders (discoordination of movements in large and small muscle groups, balance, spatial orientation, limiting the range of active movements in joints, muscle weakness), improving the functional state of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, developing basic physical qualities: accuracy, dexterity, reaction speed and others.
When conducting outdoor games, for example, with disabled people with cerebral palsy, the main task is to promote the verticalization of the patient’s body, his mobility, and improve fine motor skills of the hands. An important condition for solving this problem is relaxation of spastically contracted muscles and strengthening of weakened, stretched muscles.
The most important result of the game is joy and emotional uplift. Often, under the influence of an emotional factor - the desire to successfully participate in the game - a child more correctly performs the movement that he is unable to perform during individual lessons with a methodologist.
It is advisable to include musical accompaniment during classes.

Relay Games

Stage I. Drag the ball between the pins in a “snake” fashion. The pins are placed at a distance of 1 m from each other. Run back, running around the flag.
Stage II. Carry a tennis ball on a small racket between the pins in a “snake” fashion. Run back, running around the flag.
Stage III. There are five pins at a distance of 10 m from the starting line. The first players from two teams must run to the pins, put them on the floor and return to the back of their team. The second players must run and place the pins vertically. And so are all team members. The first team to complete the relay wins.
Stage IV. You need to collect the balls, which are placed in a circle at a distance of 2 m from each other, and place them in the center of this circle. The first player completes this task. The second player must place the balls from the center in their original place. And so all members of one team. The time it takes the entire team to complete this stage is calculated. The other team does the same. The team that spends less time as a result wins.
V stage.“Go through - don’t make a mistake.” You need to walk in a straight line for 5 m, placing your heel to your toe, and return back in the same way.
Stage VI.“Throw the ball into the basket.” A basket is placed at a distance of 4 m from the starting line. Each participant gets three attempts to throw a small ball into the basket. The number of points for each team is calculated.
VII stage."Throwing Rings" At a distance of 2–3 m, a platform with pegs or 6 “towns” in two rows is installed. Each participant makes three attempts, throwing rings onto the pegs. The number of accurate shots for each team is counted.

"Rope Walker"

To develop balance, coordination and voluntary movement.
On the court, the players draw a straight line (rope). You have to move along it like on a tightrope. It is allowed to keep your arms at your sides. The losers are those guys who go off the line - “fly off the rope.”

"Wind and Weathervanes"

To develop accuracy and arbitrariness of motor reactions.
Before the game starts, the host asks the players if they know where north, south, west, and east are. Then he becomes the wind, and all the players become weather vanes. When the presenter says: “The wind blows from the north!” – weather vanes should turn in the direction of the wind (i.e. with their backs to the north and facing south); if he says: “The wind blows from the east,” you must turn in accordance with this command; etc. If the leader says: “Storm,” the weather vanes should spin in one place; if he says: “Variable,” the weather vanes begin to sway in place; “Calm” - everyone freezes. The game is played at an ever-accelerating pace. You can name the same wind direction two or three times in a row. Then none of the players should turn.
The winners are those who make the fewest mistakes.

RELAY RACE GAMES FOR DISABLED WHEELCHAIRS

1. Passing the ball with your hands in a column overhead and across the side. The first player passes the ball over his head and moves to the back of his column. The second passes the ball over the side and also moves to the tail of the column. And so on for all participants until the first player is first again.
2. Hoop throwing to range. The relay participant holds the hoop in a vertical position. After the signal, the hoop is thrown up forward. Meters are counted.
3. Hitting a tennis ball into a circle drawn on the floor from 6, 8, 10 meters.
4. Ride a snake in a stroller between pins 10 m. Back - in a straight line.
5. Hitting a tennis ball into a hanging hoop from 4, 6, 8 meters.

Wheelchair relay

Participants are divided into two teams. In front of each, 5–6 “towns” or racks are placed on a flat area. At the signal, the first numbers must alternately go around the obstacles and return in a straight line to their team and pass the baton.

Figured stroller driving

This exercise should be included in classes to master an applied, vital skill - driving a wheelchair. Obstacles can be placed on level ground.
Their order: travel between the posts, movement in reverse, around the counter, stop at the “stop” line, “snake”, travel “along the rut”. It is also possible to overcome a hill.

Three elements

For the development of attention, speed, differentiation and arbitrariness of movements.
Wheelchair players are placed in a circle. The presenter calls the word:
“Earth” – the players take the “arms to the sides” position.
“Air” – players perform circular movements with their arms backwards.
“Water” – perform movements that imitate waves.
The player who breaks the rules is eliminated from the game. The person who remains last in the circle wins.
The intensity of the game is regulated by the pace of the leader’s pronunciation of task words.

Ministry of General vocational education Sverdlovsk region

Municipal budget educational institution

Secondary vocational education of the Sverdlovsk region

Kamyshlovsky Pedagogical College

(Disability)

Executor

Student of the 2nd CP group

Zaikova A.I.

Teacher

Mitrofanova S.V.

Kamyshlov, 2015

Outdoor games for children with disabilities

A lot has been written about the game, gaming behavior and about those who play, both fair and true, and contradictory and inaccurate. The breadth of interpretation has an endless variety of interpretations - from mystical to scientifically advanced. The game is not a product of a passing fashion, it is a phenomenon characterized by a special constancy that unites time, eras, and generations. The game cannot be defined using an unambiguous definition, but the very concept of the game is inextricably linked with freedom, good will, pleasure, joy. Play is an integral element of life, human culture, connecting generations. This phenomenon is studied by philosophers, sociologists, psychologists, and biologists. Pedagogy connects play and play behavior with the processes of upbringing, education and personal development.

The psychological basis of the game is the dominance of feelings in the child’s soul, freedom of expression, sincere laughter, tears, delight, that is, that natural emotional essence of the child that seeks expression in both the physical and psychological spheres.

It is known that children with various health conditions (with pathologies of vision, hearing, consequences of cerebral palsy, with intellectual problems, etc.) have different physical capabilities, and this feature must be taken into account when conducting outdoor games.

Outdoor play activates all systems of the body: blood circulation, breathing, vision, hearing, it brings positive emotions to the child. All this taken together allows us to talk about the health-improving effect of outdoor games. For a child with a developmental disorder, it is extremely important which motor actions the game consists of, with what intensity (tension) it is played, how the body responds to the received load. Therefore, when selecting games, it is necessary to take into account the nature and depth of the defect, the child’s real motor capabilities and his individual reaction to physical activity. It is important that the amount of load is accessible to the child and does not cause overexertion.

The content and dosage of the load should provide for the gradual complication of games, alternating them in direction, intensity and duration, which stimulates constant interest in gaming activities.

The quality of organizing and conducting the game - from choice to its completion - depends on the adult’s psychological readiness for this activity, his pedagogical knowledge, experience and ability to communicate with children.

Sincerity and goodwill, cheerfulness and openness, empathy and the ability to help, to notice successes - these are the qualities that attract children, arouse their sympathy and respect for adults, and sometimes are the main motive for participating in the game.

The psychophysical development of a child is greatly influenced by communication with the adult to whom he is emotionally attached and with whom he likes to communicate. It is in the game that the necessary conditions are created for the emergence and development of such relationships.

"Zoo"

Target: development of imagination, freedom of movement.

Number of players – 4-20 people.

Instructions. All participants take turns showing movements characteristic of the animal they have conceived according to the conditions of the game. The rest are trying to guess. Then the participants are united into subgroups of 2-3 people. The presenter, pointing to any subgroup, gives the name of the animal. Participants, without saying a word, together depict one named animal. Next, the subgroup can also depict an animal, and the other participants guess which one.

Methodical instructions. The game can be repeated several times.

"Try again"

Target: development of auditory memory, speech clarity.

Instructions. The presenter offers to repeat after him the tongue twisters, the number of words in which gradually increases:

Daria gives Dina a melon.

The thicket is thicker in our Pushcha, the thicket is thicker in our Pushcha.

It’s not bricks bursting on the stove in the night. Rolls are bursting into dough on the stove.

The cuckoo bought a hood, the cuckoo in the hood was very funny.

Sasha was walking along the highway, carrying dryers in a bag. Drying - Grisha, drying - Misha. There are dryers - Proshe, Vasyusha and Antosha. There are two dryers - Nyusha and Petrusha.

Target: development of hearing and ability to navigate in space.

Number of players – 5-20 people.

Instructions. The game is played in the gym or on the playground. All players, holding hands, form a circle, the driver stands in the center. Players, at the driver’s signal, begin to move in a circle to the right (left), saying:

We had a little fun

Everyone was settled in their places.

Guess the riddle

Find out who called you.

With the last words, everyone stops, and the player, whom the driver touched with his hand while moving in a circle, calls him by name in a changed voice, so that he does not recognize him. If the driver recognizes the player, they change roles, but if he makes a mistake, he continues to drive.

Option: the driver must recognize his mother's voice.

Methodical instructions.

Complete silence should be maintained during the game.

The driver with some vision or normal vision should close his eyes or wear a blindfold.

"Catch up with the ball"

Target: development of attention, accuracy and coordination of movements.

Number of players – 10-12 children.

Inventory: two sounded balls.

Instructions. The game is played on the playground. All players form a circle. Two players standing in a circle 3-4 players apart are given a ball. At the driver’s signal, the players try to pass the balls to the player on the right as quickly as possible, so that one ball catches up with the other. When this happens, the game starts again.

Methodical instructions.

Balls can only be passed, but not thrown.

The number of balls can be increased.

The ball is passed at waist or chest level.

"Catch up with the bell"

Target: development of speed, dexterity, ability to navigate in space.

Inventory: bell.

Instructions. The playing area should be marked with tactile landmarks. From among the players, two pairs of drivers are chosen. One of the players is given a bell. The player with the bell runs away from the drivers, and they try to surround him with clasped hands. This can be done by one or both pairs of drivers.

The player with the bell, in a moment of danger, has the right to give (but not throw) the bell to any of the participants in the game.

The caught player and the one from whom he previously accepted the bell replace one of the pairs of drivers. The bell is awarded to the most dexterous player, and the game continues.

Option (game for the visually impaired and sighted):

Instead of a bell, a head cap is used. You can only catch the one who has a cap on his head. This game will be called “Beware, Pinocchio!”

Methodical instructions.

Pairs should be completed as follows: blind – a child with some vision; sighted - blind.

Players are not allowed to leave the court.

Everyone playing on the court can wear voiced bracelets (with bells, etc.).

If the driving pairs open their hands, the escaping player is considered not to have been caught.

"Best Nose"

Target: development of the sense of smell.

The number of players can be any.

Inventory: several identical bags with different odorous substances: orange peels, apple slices, garlic, cheese, pepper, onion (peeled), a slice of lemon, etc.

Instructions. You need to invite children to sniff one package after another at a short distance. Whoever gives the most correct answers wins.

Methodical instructions. The game can be repeated 2-3 times.

“Where to erase?”

Target: development of visual memory, training of the ability to navigate on a plane.

Number of players – 4-10 people.

Inventory: paper, pencil, erasers.

Instructions. On a piece of paper, the participants draw a “face” on a piece of paper. Then, covering his eyes with a bandage, the player must erase in the order and only those fragments of the picture that the presenter names (for example: first the left eye, then the right ear, chin, nose, hair, etc.). The one who completes the task more accurately wins.

Methodical instructions. This is a game for visually impaired and normally sighted children.

"Forbidden Color"

Target: development of speed of motor reaction, attention, counting and pronunciation skills, ability to distinguish the color and shape of geometric shapes.

Number of players – 6-8 people.

Inventory: 30-40 multi-colored geometric shapes cut out of cardboard (squares, circles, triangles, rectangles).

Instructions. Scattered around the playground geometric figures. The presenter names a color (for example, red). At the signal, all players must collect as many pieces of the indicated color as possible. The one with the most wins.

Options

Collect only circles (color does not matter).

Collect red triangles.

Collect as many pieces as possible except green ones.

Other options are also possible.

Methodical instructions.

The winner of any variant of the game demonstrates his result by out loud counting the collected figures, and then out loud (together with the leader) naming them (square, triangle, etc.). The color of the figures is also called out loud (red, blue, yellow, etc.).

The playground should be large enough to ensure the safety of those playing and to prevent children from colliding with each other when collecting pieces.

"Rope"

Target: development of imagination, fantasy, fine motor skills, coordination abilities.

Number of players – 10-12 people.

Inventory: a jump rope or rope at least 1.5 meters long.

Instructions. The presenter gives each player a rope and gives the team the task of “drawing” a certain figure, for example: a ladder, a snake, a man, a house, a boat, a Christmas tree, etc. The team that most accurately depicts the given task wins.

Methodical instructions. The load can be increased if the game is played in the form of a relay race with movements from the starting point to the “drawing” place.

"Catch the Ball"

Target: development of attention, memory, acquisition of skills in throwing and catching the ball.

The number of players can be any.

Inventory: one medium sized ball.

Instructions. The players sit in a circle. The driver is in the center. Throwing the ball up, he calls the player's name. The named player must catch the ball. If he catches it, he returns to his place, but if he doesn’t catch it, then he changes place with the driver. The one who drives the ball the least wins.

Methodical instructions.

The pace of the game depends on the number of participants standing in the circle.

If the players do not know each other, then before the start of the game they need to be introduced to each other: everyone in turn says their name, and the whole group repeats it in chorus.

Players can move freely in a circle.

"What's Missing"

Target: activation of mental processes: perception, attention, memory.

The optimal number of players is 5-10 people.

Inventory: several items (toys, skittles, hoops, jump rope, etc.).

Instructions. On the playground, the leader lays out 4-5 items. Children look at objects for one minute, trying to remember them. Then, on command, the children stand with their backs to the playground, and the leader at this time removes one of the objects. Children turn and name the missing item. The one who makes the fewest mistakes wins.

Options

Increase the number of items.

Reduce the time it takes to memorize items.

Remove two items.

Methodical instructions. For the game, you should select items that are familiar to children.

"Get to know a friend"

Target: development of tactile sensations, auditory attention, memory, and the ability to navigate in space.

Number of players – 8-12 people.

Inventory. Blindfolds.

Instructions. One half of the children are blindfolded and given the opportunity to walk around the playground. Next, they are invited, without removing the bandage, to find and get to know each other. You can recognize with the help of your hands - by feeling your hair, clothes. Then, when a friend is recognized, the players change roles.

Option: If the player cannot recognize another child by touching, you can offer to try to recognize him by his voice.

Methodical instructions. Care should be taken to ensure that the play area is completely level, otherwise blindfolded children will feel insecure.

"Lock"

Target: development in children of small muscles of the hand, oral coherent speech, memory, and imagination.

Instructions.

Text

Movements

There's a lock on the door

Rhythmic quick connections of the fingers into a “lock”.

Who could open it?

Repetition of movements.

Pulled

Fingers clasped in a “lock”, hands pulled in one direction, then in the other direction.

They knocked

Movements of the hands with clasped fingers from oneself to oneself.

And - they opened it!

Fingers unclasped, palms to the sides

"Pigeons"

Target: developing throwing skills in children, developing coordination of movements of large and small muscle groups, dexterity, and eye control.

Number of players – 2-10 people.

Inventory: For the game, paper “pigeons” (airplanes, etc.) are made.

Instructions. Children compete to see whose pigeon will fly the farthest.

Option: children compete with adults.

Methodical instructions. Game for children 5-8 years old, low intensity.

"Sitting football"

Target: development of coordination of movements, strengthening of the muscles of the legs and torso, training of accuracy and speed of reaction.

Two teams of 4-6 people each play.

Inventory: soccer ball, skittles.

Instructions. Children sit on the floor, legs bent at the knees and pressed to the stomach. One line is located facing the other at a distance of 2.5-3 meters.

The player, moving his legs forward, throws the ball to the child sitting opposite him, who catches it with his hands, and then sharply rolls the ball back to his partner with his feet. For inaccurate throwing of the ball, the team receives a penalty point. The team with fewer penalty points wins.

Options

Catch a thrown ball with your feet.

Roll and catch the ball with only one foot.

Knock down the pins with the ball, which are placed at an equal distance between the teams; For each pin knocked down, the team receives a bonus point.

Methodical instructions. Game for children from 3 to 14 years old, moderate load.

"We wear hats"

Target: formation of correct posture, strengthening the muscular “corset” of the spine, development of balance, dexterity, and coordination of movements.

The number of players can be any.

Inventory: “hat” for each player - a bag of sand weighing 200-500 g, a board, a pyramid wheel.

Instructions. The players are standing. Children are placed on their heads with a light weight - a “hat”. After checking the children’s posture (head straight, shoulders at the same level, parallel to the floor, arms lying calmly along the body), the leader gives the signal to walk. Children should walk at a normal pace around the room or playground, maintaining correct posture. The winner is the one whose “hat” never falls off and who does not lose his posture.

Options

Children are encouraged not to walk, but to dance.

Walk along the winding line drawn on the floor with chalk.

Walk along a gymnastic bench or step over various objects on the floor or on the playground (skittles, cubes, small toys, pebbles, cones, etc.).

Methodical instructions.

"Throwing bags"

Target: development of accuracy, coordination of movements, muscle strength of the limbs and torso.

The number of players can be any.

Inventory: sandbags, hoop (rope).

Instructions. Children stand in a circle. In the center of the circle lies a hoop (a rope in the shape of a circle). The children have bags in their hands. After the presenter says: “Throw it!”, all the children throw their bags. The presenter notes whose bag fell exactly into the circle. The task is repeated 10 times. The one with the most accurate hits wins.

Option: each of the players (in turn) stands on a line drawn at a distance of 3-4 meters from the chair and throws three bags onto it one after another so that they all remain lying on the chair. Then he passes the bags to the next one, who also throws them, etc. The one with the most accurate hits wins.

Methodical instructions.

Bags can be thrown from any position (sitting, standing), with one or two hands.

If children of different ages are playing, then the kids can be placed closer to the goal, and the older children further from it.

"Sun"

Target: development of speed and accuracy of movements.

At least 15 people play.

Inventory: batons or tennis balls.

Instructions. A circle is drawn in the center. All players are divided into five teams and line up sideways to the center of the circle. It turns out to be a kind of sun with rays. Each ray is a command. The players, first from the center of the circle, hold relay batons in their hands. At the signal, they run in a circle and pass the baton to the player who is now first on his team. The person who comes running stands in a line in a place closer to the center. When the player who started the game is on the edge and receives the baton, he raises it, indicating that the team has finished the game.

Methodical instructions.

While running, it is prohibited to touch standing players or interfere with those making dashes. Penalty points are awarded for violating the rules.

"Homeless Puppy"

Target: development of attention, speed of reaction and accuracy of movements.

Number of players – 7-9 people.

Inventory: 6-8 chairs, one less than the number of players.

Instructions. The chairs are placed in a circle, with the seats facing outwards. The participants of the game, standing in a circle on the outside, run to the right (left) at a signal. When the whistle blows, everyone tries to take a seat, but since there are fewer chairs, one player is left without a seat. He is eliminated, and another chair is removed from the circle. The last one standing wins.

Methodical instructions. The game is of medium intensity and can be repeated several times.

"Ball in a Circle"

Target:

Number of players – 5-15 people.

Inventory: volleyball.

Instructions. The players form a circle and settle for first or second. The first numbers are one team, the second numbers are another. Two players standing next to each other are captains, each holding a ball in their hands. At the signal, the captains pass the ball in a circle to the players of their team, that is, through one player. The ball must return to the captain as quickly as possible.

Methodical instructions. You can agree and pass the ball three times in a circle. If the balls collide, the game continues from that moment.

"Hoop Relay"

Target: development of attention and accuracy of movements.

Number of players – 10 people.

Inventory: hoops

Instructions. The players form a circle of five people, they line up opposite each other. The distance between players in teams is 1.2-2 steps. The first (captain) in each team is given a hoop. At the whistle, the captains pass the hoop from top to bottom through themselves, lower it, and then pass it to the adjacent player. He does the same, passes it on to the third, etc.

Methodical instructions.

The game lasts until the hoop returns to the captain.

The team that finishes the game faster and makes no mistakes wins.

The game is played 3-4 times.

"Knock down the pin"

Target: training in differentiation of efforts, development of the eye, accuracy of movements.

The number of players can be any.

Inventory: skittles, cubes, toys.

Instructions. In front of each participant, at a distance of 2-3 meters, there are objects: skittles, cubes, toys. You need to knock down an object by rolling the ball across the floor. The one who knocks down the objects wins larger number once.

Methodical instructions. The game is low intensity and can be repeated several times.

"Cones, acorns, nuts"

Target: development of attention, reaction speed, accuracy of movements.

The number of players is more than six.

Instructions. The players stand in threes, one after another, facing the center, where the driver stands. The first in threes are “cones”, the second are “acorns”, the third are “nuts”. At a signal, the driver pronounces any of three names, for example, “nuts.” All playing “nuts” must change places. The driver strives to stand in any vacant place. If he succeeds, then the player left without a place becomes the driver. You can shout out two names or even three. The winner is the one who has never been a driver.

Methodical instructions. At the request of the children, this game can be played several times.

Festival of folk games. Scenario

Author: Smailis Galina Nikolaevna, physical education instructor, State Autonomous Institution KO YUPNI, Department of Rehabilitation of Children and Adolescents with Disabilities, Yurga, Kemerovo Region.
Description of material: Folk games contribute to the development of physical and mental abilities, fostering conscious discipline and will, and teach children to be honest and truthful. This material is intended for instructors and physical education teachers.
Target: popularization of folk games among children with disabilities.
Tasks:
1. To form children’s understanding of Russian folk games.
2. B game form develop physical qualities.
3. Foster honesty, perseverance, and mutual assistance.

Celebration progress:

Leading. Hello, dear guests!
Hello, good fellows and beautiful maidens,
That they came to us for a holiday to play and have fun
Yes, show strength and valiant prowess!
Welcome, dear guests! Have a seat! Have fun and joy! We've been waiting for you for a long time, we won't start the holiday without you. We have invited you to a festival of games and fun for every taste. People are gathering! The holiday begins. And you will play Russian, folk, playful and round dance games. Folk games... There are so many of them: with a ball and balls, with sticks and ropes, with forfeits and pebbles, with words and riddles, home and round dances, winter and summer. For a person, a century and a half is a lot, but for a game it’s like a day. They have been preserved intact, probably because people do not invent anything for the sake of simple fun, but always with meaning, for benefit.
What could be easier than running?
Well, what to study here?
A person has legs
They seem to be running away
Yes, of course, you can just
Somehow, a little bit to run
And beautifully, together, quickly, we need to run like a “snake”
Game "Snake"(Russian folk game). All children take each other's hands, forming a human chain. The directing player becomes the leader. While running, the leader must change direction several times (run around the posts, overcome an obstacle) and return to his place. Players should not disengage and repeat all movements after the leader.
Game "At Uncle Tryphon's"
Children stand in a circle and hold hands. The leader is in the center. The players walk in a circle and chant the words:
At Uncle Tryphon's
There were seven children
Seven sons:
They didn't drink, didn't eat,
They looked at each other.
At once they did as I did!
At the last words, everyone begins to repeat his gestures. The one who repeated the movements best becomes the leader.
Rules of the game. When repeating the game, children standing in a circle go in the opposite direction.
Presenter: Since ancient times in Rus'
Towns were held.
Threw the bat, look
The towns scattered.
Game "Towns". Players stand behind the control line. One at a time, the teams go to the line, throw bats, and try to knock down the towns.
Game "Silence"
Chock, chock, fist,
Teeth on a hook
The tongue on the shelf is silent.
Game "Carousel"
At the instructor’s signal, the children say loudly:
“Barely, barely, barely.
The carousels are spinning
And then around, around
Everybody run, run, run.”
In accordance with the text, children walk in a circle, first slowly, and then gradually speed up their movements. After the children have run two circles, they gradually switch to walking, saying:
“Hush, hush, don’t rush!
Stop the carousel!
One-two, one-two!
The game is over!”
The movement of the carousel slows down, the children lower their hands and squat down.
Game "Tsapki" The leader puts his hand palm down, the other participants put their index fingers to his palm: “There were hares on the mountain and shouted: “Hide your fingers!” - the one who does not have time to remove his fingers is eliminated from the games
Game “Where there is work, there is food.”
There are spoons on chairs arranged in a circle. There are more players than chairs. To the music, children run around the chairs; when the music ends, everyone must take a spoon from the chair. Whoever did not have time to take a spoon and take a chair is out of the game.
Game "Stream"
Our great-grandmothers and great-grandfathers knew and loved this game, and it has come down to us almost unchanged. There is no need to be strong, agile or fast. This game is of a different kind - emotional, it creates a mood that is cheerful and cheerful.
The rules are simple. The players stand one after another in pairs, usually a boy and a girl, a boy and a girl, join hands and hold them high above their heads. The clasped hands create a long corridor. The player who did not get a pair goes to the “source” of the stream and, passing under clasped hands, looks for a pair. Holding hands, the new couple makes their way to the end of the corridor, and the one whose couple was broken goes to the beginning of the “stream”. And passing under clasped hands, he takes with him the one he likes. This is how the “trickle” moves - the more participants, the more fun the game is, especially fun to play with music. Not a single holiday in the old days was complete among young people without this game.
Host: And you will treasure them in the future!
After all, games like us to be honest,
Be kind and value friendship.
They develop dexterity and ingenuity,
Strength and will are tempered in us.
Life is more interesting, more fun with games,
May your childhood be more joyful.

Outdoor games for children with disabilities

A lot has been written about the game, gaming behavior and about those who play, both fair and true, and contradictory and inaccurate. The breadth of interpretation has an endless variety of interpretations - from mystical to scientifically advanced. The game is not a product of a passing fashion, it is a phenomenon characterized by a special constancy that unites time, eras, generations. The game cannot be defined using an unambiguous definition, but the very concept of the game is inextricably linked with freedom, good will, pleasure, joy. Game is an integral element of life, human culture, connecting generations. This phenomenon is studied by philosophers, sociologists, psychologists, and biologists. Pedagogy connects play and play behavior with the processes of upbringing, education and personal development.

Outdoor play activates all systems of the body: blood circulation, breathing, vision, hearing, it brings positive emotions to the child. All this taken together allows us to talk about the health-improving effect of outdoor games. For a child with a developmental disorder, it is extremely important what motor actions the game consists of, with what intensity (tension) it is carried out, and how the body responds to the resulting load. Therefore, when selecting games, it is necessary to take into account the nature and depth of the defect, the child’s real motor capabilities and his individual reaction to physical activity. It is important that the amount of load is accessible to the child and does not cause overexertion.

"Zoo"

Target: development of imagination, freedom of movement.

Number of players - 4-20 people.

Instructions. All participants take turns showing movements characteristic of the animal they have conceived according to the conditions of the game. The rest are trying to guess. Then the participants are united into subgroups of 2-3 people. The presenter, pointing to any subgroup, gives the name of the animal. Participants, without saying a word, together depict one named animal. Next, the subgroup can also depict any animal, and the other participants guess which one.

Methodical instructions. The game can be repeated several times.

"Try again"

Target: development of auditory memory, speech clarity.

Instructions. The presenter offers to repeat after him the tongue twisters, the number of words in which gradually increases:

Daria gives Dina a melon.
The thicket is thicker in our Pushcha, the thicket is thicker in our Pushcha.
It’s not bricks bursting on the stove in the night. Rolls are bursting into dough on the stove.
The cuckoo bought a hood, the cuckoo in the hood was very funny.
Sasha was walking along the highway, carrying dryers in a bag. Drying - Grisha, drying - Misha. There are dryers - Proshe, Vasyusha and Antosha. There are two dryers - Nyusha and Petrusha.

"Recognize by voice"

Target: development of hearing and ability to navigate in space.

Number of players - 5-20 people.

We had a little fun

Everyone was settled in their places.

Guess the riddle

Find out who called you.

Methodical instructions.

Complete silence should be maintained during the game.
The driver with some vision or normal vision should close his eyes or wear a blindfold.

"Catch up with the ball"

Target: development of attention, accuracy and coordination of movements.

Number of players - 10-12 children.

Inventory: two sounded balls.

Methodical instructions.

Balls can only be passed, but not thrown.
The number of balls can be increased.
The ball is passed at waist or chest level.

"Catch up with the bell"

Target: development of speed, dexterity, ability to navigate in space.

Inventory: bell.

The player with the bell, in a moment of danger, has the right to give (but not throw) the bell to any of the participants in the game.

The caught player and the one from whom he previously accepted the bell replace one of the pairs of drivers. The bell is awarded to the most dexterous player, and the game continues.

Option (game for the visually impaired and sighted):

Instead of a bell, a head cap is used. You can only catch the one who has a cap on his head. This game will be called “Beware, Pinocchio!”

Methodical instructions.

Pairs should be completed as follows: blind - a child with some vision; sighted - blind.
Players are not allowed to leave the court.
Everyone playing on the court can wear voiced bracelets (with bells, etc.).
If the driving pairs open their hands, the escaping player is considered not to have been caught.

"Best Nose"

Target: development of the sense of smell.

The number of players can be any.

Inventory: several identical bags with different odorous substances: orange peels, apple pieces, garlic, cheese, pepper, onion (peeled), a piece of lemon, etc.

Instructions. You need to invite children to sniff one package after another at a short distance. Whoever gives the most correct answers wins.

Methodical instructions. The game can be repeated 2-3 times.

“Where to erase?”

Target: development of visual memory, training of the ability to navigate on a plane.

Number of players - 4-10 people.

Inventory: paper, pencil, erasers.

Methodical instructions. This is a game for visually impaired and normally sighted children.

"Forbidden Color"

Target: development of speed of motor reaction, attention, counting and pronunciation skills, ability to distinguish the color and shape of geometric shapes.

Number of players - 6-8 people.

Inventory: 30-40 multi-colored geometric shapes cut out of cardboard (squares, circles, triangles, rectangles).

Instructions. Geometric shapes are scattered across the playground. The presenter names a color (for example, red). At the signal, all players must collect as many pieces of the indicated color as possible. The one with the most wins.

Options

Collect only circles (color does not matter).
Collect red triangles.
Collect as many pieces as possible except green ones.

Other options are also possible.

Methodical instructions.

The winner of any variant of the game demonstrates his result by out loud counting the collected figures, and then out loud (together with the leader) naming them (square, triangle, etc.). The color of the figures is also called out loud (red, blue, yellow, etc.).
The playground should be large enough to ensure the safety of those playing and to prevent children from colliding with each other when collecting pieces.

"Rope"

Target: development of imagination, fantasy, fine motor skills, coordination abilities.

Number of players - 10-12 people.

Inventory: a jump rope or rope at least 1.5 meters long.

Methodical instructions. The load can be increased if the game is played in the form of a relay race with movements from the starting point to the “drawing” place.

"Catch the Ball"

Target: development of attention, memory, acquisition of skills in throwing and catching the ball.

The number of players can be any.

Inventory: one medium sized ball.

Methodical instructions.

The pace of the game depends on the number of participants standing in the circle.
If the players do not know each other, then before the start of the game they need to be introduced to each other: everyone in turn says their name, and the whole group repeats it in chorus.
Players can move freely in a circle.

"What's Missing"

Target: activation of mental processes: perception, attention, memory.

The optimal number of players is 5-10 people.

Inventory: several items (toys, skittles, hoops, jump rope, etc.).

Options

Increase the number of items.
Reduce the time it takes to memorize items.
Remove two items.

Methodical instructions. For the game, you should select items that are familiar to children.

"Get to know a friend"

Target: development of tactile sensations, auditory attention, memory, and the ability to navigate in space.

Number of players - 8-12 people.

Inventory. Blindfolds.

Instructions. One half of the children are blindfolded and given the opportunity to walk around the playground. Next, they are invited, without removing the bandage, to find and get to know each other. You can recognize it with your hands - by feeling your hair and clothes. Then, when a friend is recognized, the players change roles.

Option: If the player cannot recognize another child by touching, you can offer to try to recognize him by his voice.

Methodical instructions. Care should be taken to ensure that the play area is completely level, otherwise blindfolded children will feel insecure.

"Lock"

Target: development in children of small muscles of the hand, oral coherent speech, memory, and imagination.

Instructions.

"Pigeons"

Target: developing throwing skills in children, developing coordination of movements of large and small muscle groups, dexterity, and eye control.

Number of players - 2-10 people.

Inventory: For the game, paper “pigeons” (airplanes, etc.) are made.

Instructions. Children compete to see whose pigeon will fly the farthest.

Option: children compete with adults.

Methodical instructions. Game for children 5-8 years old, low intensity.

"Sitting football"

Target: development of coordination of movements, strengthening of the muscles of the legs and torso, training of accuracy and speed of reaction.

Two teams of 4-6 people each play.

Inventory: soccer ball, skittles.

Instructions. Children sit on the floor, legs bent at the knees and pressed to the stomach. One line is located facing the other at a distance of 2.5-3 meters.

Options

Catch a thrown ball with your feet.
Roll and catch the ball with only one foot.
Knock down the pins with the ball, which are placed at an equal distance between the teams; For each pin knocked down, the team receives a bonus point.

Methodical instructions. Game for children from 3 to 14 years old, moderate load.

"We wear hats"

Target: formation of correct posture, strengthening the muscular “corset” of the spine, development of balance, dexterity, and coordination of movements.

The number of players can be any.

Inventory: “hat” for each player - a bag of sand weighing 200-500 g, a board, a pyramid wheel.

Options

Children are encouraged not to walk, but to dance.
Walk along the winding line drawn on the floor with chalk.
Walk along a gymnastic bench or step over various objects on the floor or on the playground (skittles, cubes, small toys, pebbles, cones, etc.).

Methodical instructions. Game for children 4-14 years old, medium load.

"Throwing bags"

Target: development of accuracy, coordination of movements, muscle strength of the limbs and torso.

The number of players can be any.

Inventory: sandbags, hoop (rope).

Methodical instructions.

Bags can be thrown from any position (sitting, standing), with one or two hands.
If children of different ages are playing, then the kids can be placed closer to the goal, and the older children further from it.

"Sun"

Target: development of speed and accuracy of movements.

At least 15 people play.

Inventory: batons or tennis balls.

Instructions. A circle is drawn in the center. All players are divided into five teams and line up sideways to the center of the circle. It turns out to be a kind of sun with rays. Each beam is a command. The players, first from the center of the circle, hold relay batons in their hands. At the signal, they run in a circle and pass the baton to the player who is now first on his team. The person who comes running stands in a line in a place closer to the center. When the player who started the game is on the edge and receives the baton, he raises it, indicating that the team has finished the game.

Methodical instructions.

While running, it is prohibited to touch standing players or interfere with those making dashes. Penalty points are awarded for violating the rules.

"Homeless Puppy"

Target: development of attention, speed of reaction and accuracy of movements.

Number of players - 7-9 people.

Inventory: 6-8 chairs, one less than the number of players.

Methodical instructions. The game is of medium intensity and can be repeated several times.

"Ball in a Circle"

Target:

Number of players - 5-15 people.

Inventory: volleyball.

Methodical instructions. You can agree and pass the ball three times in a circle. If the balls collide, the game continues from that moment.

"Hoop Relay"

Target: development of attention and accuracy of movements.

Number of players - 10 people.

Inventory: hoops

Methodical instructions.

The game lasts until the hoop returns to the captain.
The team that finishes the game faster and makes no mistakes wins.
The game is played 3-4 times.

"Knock down the pin"

Target: training in differentiation of efforts, development of the eye, accuracy of movements.

The number of players can be any.

Inventory: skittles, cubes, toys.

Methodical instructions. The game is low intensity and can be repeated several times.

"Cones, acorns, nuts"

Target: development of attention, reaction speed, accuracy of movements.

The number of players is more than six.

Methodical instructions. At the request of the children, this game can be played several times.

Outdoor games

Outdoor play activates all systems of the body: blood circulation, breathing, vision, hearing, it brings positive emotions to the child. All this taken together allows us to talk about the health-improving effect of outdoor games. For a child with a developmental disorder, it is extremely important what motor actions the game consists of, with what intensity (tension) it is carried out, and how the body responds to the resulting load. Therefore, when selecting games, it is necessary to take into account the nature and depth of the defect, the child’s real motor capabilities and his individual reaction to physical activity. It is important that the amount of load is accessible to the child and does not cause overexertion.

"Zoo"

Target: development of imagination, freedom of movement.

Number of players- 4-20 people.

Instructions. All participants take turns showing movements characteristic of the animal they have conceived according to the conditions of the game. The rest are trying to guess. Then the participants are united into subgroups of 2-3 people. The presenter, pointing to any subgroup, gives the name of the animal. Participants, without saying a word, together depict one named animal. Next, the subgroup can also depict any animal, and the other participants guess which one.

Methodical instructions.The game can be repeated several times.

"Try again"

Target: development of auditory memory, speech clarity.

Instructions. The presenter offers to repeat after him the tongue twisters, the number of words in which gradually increases:

Daria gives Dina a melon.
The thicket is thicker in our Pushcha, the thicket is thicker in our Pushcha.
It’s not bricks bursting on the stove in the night. Rolls are bursting into dough on the stove.
The cuckoo bought a hood, the cuckoo in the hood was very funny.
Sasha was walking along the highway, carrying dryers in a bag. Drying - Grisha, drying - Misha. There are dryers - Proshe, Vasyusha and Antosha. There are two dryers - Nyusha and Petrusha.

"Recognize by voice"

Target: development of hearing and ability to navigate in space.

Number of players - 5-20 people.

Instructions. The game is played in the gym or on the playground. All players, holding hands, form a circle, the driver stands in the center. Players, at the driver’s signal, begin to move in a circle to the right (left), saying:

We had a little fun

Everyone was settled in their places.

Guess the riddle

Find out who called you.

Methodical instructions.

Complete silence should be maintained during the game.
The driver with some vision or normal vision should close his eyes or wear a blindfold.

4. “Catch up with the ball”

Target: development of attention, accuracy and coordination of movements.

Number of players - 10-12 children.

Inventory: two sounded balls.

Instructions. The game is played on the playground. All players form a circle. Two players standing in a circle 3-4 players apart are given a ball. At the driver’s signal, the players try to pass the balls to the player on the right as quickly as possible, so that one ball catches up with the other. When this happens, the game starts again.

Methodical instructions.

Balls can only be passed, but not thrown.
The number of balls can be increased.
The ball is passed at waist or chest level.

"Catch up with the bell"

Target: development of speed, dexterity, ability to navigate in space.

Inventory: bell.

Instructions. The playing area should be marked with tactile landmarks. From among the players, two pairs of drivers are chosen. One of the players is given a bell. The player with the bell runs away from the drivers, and they try to surround him with clasped hands. This can be done by one or both pairs of drivers.

The player with the bell, in a moment of danger, has the right to give (but not throw) the bell to any of the participants in the game.

The caught player and the one from whom he previously accepted the bell replace one of the pairs of drivers. The bell is awarded to the most dexterous player, and the game continues.

Option (game for the visually impaired and sighted):

Instead of a bell, a head cap is used. You can only catch the one who has a cap on his head. This game will be called “Beware, Pinocchio!”

Methodical instructions.

Pairs should be completed as follows: blind - a child with some vision; sighted - blind.
Players are not allowed to leave the court.
Everyone playing on the court can wear voiced bracelets (with bells, etc.).
If the driving pairs open their hands, the escaping player is considered not to have been caught.

"Best Nose"

Target: development of the sense of smell.

The number of players can be any.

Inventory: several identical bags with different odorous substances: orange peels, apple pieces, garlic, cheese, pepper, onion (peeled), a piece of lemon, etc.

Instructions. You need to invite children to sniff one package after another at a short distance. Whoever gives the most correct answers wins.

Methodical instructions.The game can be repeated 2-3 times.

“Where to erase?”

Target: development of visual memory, training of the ability to navigate on a plane.

Number of players - 4-10 people.

Inventory: paper, pencil, erasers.

Instructions. On a piece of paper, the participants draw a “face” on a piece of paper. Then, covering his eyes with a bandage, the player must erase in the order and only those fragments of the picture that the presenter names (for example: first the left eye, then the right ear, chin, nose, hair, etc.). The one who completes the task more accurately wins.

Methodical instructions.This is a game for visually impaired and normally sighted children.

"Forbidden Color"

Target: development of speed of motor reaction, attention, counting and pronunciation skills, ability to distinguish the color and shape of geometric shapes.

Number of players - 6-8 people.

Inventory: 30-40 multi-colored geometric shapes cut out of cardboard (squares, circles, triangles, rectangles).

Instructions. Geometric shapes are scattered across the playground. The presenter names a color (for example, red). At the signal, all players must collect as many pieces of the indicated color as possible. The one with the most wins.

Options

Collect only circles (color does not matter).
Collect red triangles.
Collect as many pieces as possible except green ones.

Other options are also possible.

Methodical instructions.

The winner of any variant of the game demonstrates his result by out loud counting the collected figures, and then out loud (together with the leader) naming them (square, triangle, etc.). The color of the figures is also called out loud (red, blue, yellow, etc.).
The playground should be large enough to ensure the safety of those playing and to prevent children from colliding with each other when collecting pieces.

"Rope"

Target: development of imagination, fantasy, fine motor skills, coordination abilities.

Number of players - 10-12 people.

Inventory: a jump rope or rope at least 1.5 meters long.

Instructions. The presenter gives each player a rope and gives the team the task of “drawing” a certain figure, for example: a ladder, a snake, a man, a house, a boat, a Christmas tree, etc. The team that most accurately depicts the given task wins.

Methodical instructions.The load can be increased if the game is played in the form of a relay race with movements from the starting point to the “drawing” place.

10. "Catch the ball"

Target: development of attention, memory, acquisition of skills in throwing and catching the ball.

The number of players can be any.

Inventory: one medium sized ball.

Instructions. The players sit in a circle. The driver is in the center. Throwing the ball up, he calls the player's name. The named player must catch the ball. If he catches it, he returns to his place, but if he doesn’t catch it, then he changes place with the driver. The one who drives the ball the least wins.

Methodical instructions.

The pace of the game depends on the number of participants standing in the circle.
If the players do not know each other, then before the start of the game they need to be introduced to each other: everyone in turn says their name, and the whole group repeats it in chorus.
Players can move freely in a circle.

11. "What's Missing"

Target: activation of mental processes: perception, attention, memory.

The optimal number of players is 5-10 people.

Inventory: several items (toys, skittles, hoops, jump rope, etc.).

Instructions. On the playground, the leader lays out 4-5 items. Children look at objects for one minute, trying to remember them. Then, on command, the children stand with their backs to the playground, and the leader at this time removes one of the objects. Children turn and name the missing item. The one who makes the fewest mistakes wins.

Options

Increase the number of items.
Reduce the time it takes to memorize items.
Remove two items.

Methodical instructions.For the game, you should select items that are familiar to children.

12. "Get to know a friend"

Target: development of tactile sensations, auditory attention, memory, and the ability to navigate in space.

Number of players - 8-12 people.

Inventory. Blindfolds.

Instructions. One half of the children are blindfolded and given the opportunity to walk around the playground. Next, they are invited, without removing the bandage, to find and get to know each other. You can recognize it with your hands - by feeling your hair and clothes. Then, when a friend is recognized, the players change roles.

Option: If the player cannot recognize another child by touching, you can offer to try to recognize him by his voice.

Methodical instructions.Care should be taken to ensure that the play area is completely level, otherwise blindfolded children will feel insecure.

13. "Castle"

Target: development in children of small muscles of the hand, oral coherent speech, memory, and imagination.

Instructions.

14. "Pigeons"

Target: developing throwing skills in children, developing coordination of movements of large and small muscle groups, dexterity, and eye control.

Number of players - 2-10 people.

Inventory: For the game, paper “pigeons” (airplanes, etc.) are made.

Instructions. Children compete to see whose pigeon will fly the farthest.

Option: children compete with adults.

Methodical instructions.Game for children 5-8 years old, low intensity.

15. “Sitting football”

Target: development of coordination of movements, strengthening of the muscles of the legs and torso, training of accuracy and speed of reaction.

Two teams of 4-6 people each play.

Inventory: soccer ball, skittles.

Instructions. Children sit on the floor, legs bent at the knees and pressed to the stomach. One line is located facing the other at a distance of 2.5-3 meters.

Options

Catch a thrown ball with your feet.
Roll and catch the ball with only one foot.
Knock down the pins with the ball, which are placed at an equal distance between the teams; For each pin knocked down, the team receives a bonus point.

Methodical instructions.Game for children from 3 to 14 years old, moderate load.

16. “We wear hats”

Target: formation of correct posture, strengthening the muscular “corset” of the spine, development of balance, dexterity, and coordination of movements.

The number of players can be any.

Inventory: “hat” for each player - a bag of sand weighing 200-500 g, a board, a pyramid wheel.

Instructions. The players are standing. Children are placed on their heads with a light weight - a “hat”. After checking the children’s posture (head straight, shoulders at the same level, parallel to the floor, arms lying calmly along the body), the leader gives the signal to walk. Children should walk at a normal pace around the room or playground, maintaining correct posture. The winner is the one whose “hat” never falls off and who does not lose his posture.

Options

Children are encouraged not to walk, but to dance.
Walk along the winding line drawn on the floor with chalk.
Walk along a gymnastic bench or step over various objects on the floor or on the playground (skittles, cubes, small toys, pebbles, cones, etc.).

Methodical instructions.

17. “Throwing bags”

Target: development of accuracy, coordination of movements, muscle strength of the limbs and torso.

The number of players can be any.

Inventory: sandbags, hoop (rope).

Instructions. Children stand in a circle. In the center of the circle lies a hoop (a rope in the shape of a circle). The children have bags in their hands. After the presenter says: “Throw it!”, all the children throw their bags. The presenter notes whose bag fell exactly into the circle. The task is repeated 10 times. The one with the most accurate hits wins.

Methodical instructions.

Bags can be thrown from any position (sitting, standing), with one or two hands.
If children of different ages are playing, then the kids can be placed closer to the goal, and the older children further from it.

18. "Sunny"

Target: development of speed and accuracy of movements.

At least 15 people play.

Inventory: batons or tennis balls.

Instructions. A circle is drawn in the center. All players are divided into five teams and line up sideways to the center of the circle. It turns out to be a kind of sun with rays. Each beam is a command. The players, first from the center of the circle, hold relay batons in their hands. At the signal, they run in a circle and pass the baton to the player who is now first on his team. The person who comes running stands in a line in a place closer to the center. When the player who started the game is on the edge and receives the baton, he raises it, indicating that the team has finished the game.

Methodical instructions.

While running, it is prohibited to touch standing players or interfere with those making dashes. Penalty points are awarded for violating the rules.

19. "Homeless Puppy"

Target: development of attention, speed of reaction and accuracy of movements.

Number of players - 7-9 people.

Inventory: 6-8 chairs, one less than the number of players.

Instructions. The chairs are placed in a circle, with the seats facing outwards. The participants of the game, standing in a circle on the outside, run to the right (left) at a signal. When the whistle blows, everyone tries to take a seat, but since there are fewer chairs, one player is left without a seat. He is eliminated, and another chair is removed from the circle. The last one standing wins.

Methodical instructions.The game is of medium intensity and can be repeated several times.

20. “Ball in a Circle”

Target:

Number of players - 5-15 people.

Inventory: volleyball.

Instructions. The players form a circle and settle for first or second. The first numbers are one team, the second numbers are another. Two players standing next to each other are captains, each holding a ball in their hands. At the signal, the captains pass the ball in a circle to the players of their team, that is, through one player. The ball must return to the captain as quickly as possible.

Methodical instructions.You can agree and pass the ball three times in a circle. If the balls collide, the game continues from that moment.

21. “Hoop Relay”

Target: development of attention and accuracy of movements.

Number of players - 10 people.

Equipment: hoops.

Instructions. The players form a circle of five people, they line up opposite each other. The distance between players in teams is 1.2-2 steps. The first (captain) in each team is given a hoop. At the whistle, the captains pass the hoop from top to bottom through themselves, lower it, and then pass it to the adjacent player. He does the same, passes it on to the third, etc.

Methodical instructions.

The game lasts until the hoop returns to the captain.
The team that finishes the game faster and makes no mistakes wins.
The game is played 3-4 times.

22. “Knock down the pin”

Target: training in differentiation of efforts, development of the eye, accuracy of movements.

The number of players can be any.

Inventory: skittles, cubes, toys.

Instructions. In front of each participant, at a distance of 2-3 meters, there are objects: skittles, cubes, toys. You need to knock down an object by rolling the ball across the floor. The one who knocks down the objects the most times wins.

Methodical instructions.The game is low intensity and can be repeated several times.

23. “Cones, acorns, nuts”

Target: development of attention, reaction speed, accuracy of movements.

The number of players is more than six.

Instructions. The players stand in threes, one after another, facing the center, where the driver stands. The first in threes are “cones”, the second are “acorns”, the third are “nuts”. At a signal, the driver pronounces any of three names, for example, “nuts.” All playing “nuts” must change places. The driver strives to stand in any vacant place. If he succeeds, then the player left without a place becomes the driver. You can shout out two names or even three. The winner is the one who has never been a driver.

Methodical instructions.At the request of the children, this game can be played several times.

Games aimed at developing fine motor skills

Physical activity is the basis for the development of every person. Fine motor skills involve making precise movements with the small muscles of the hands. An integral part of a visual examination is eye movement, and the foundation oral speech lay down the precise movements of the organs of articulation.

In their work, teachers at the department for children with disabilities use various exercises and techniques, as well as games to develop fine motor skills.

Thus, games aimed at developing fine motor skills of the hands include the following:

Modeling from plasticine or clay: modeling from plasticine and clay has a very beneficial effect on the development of fine motor skills. In winter it can be sculpted from snow, and in summer - from sand;

Coloring or drawing pictures:

Making crafts from natural materials: straw, acorns, leaves, cones, etc. can be used as natural materials;

Making crafts from paper: you can independently cut out geometric shapes from paper with scissors, make appliqués, and make patterns;

Tying and untying knots on rope, laces, ribbons;

Suction of water with a pipette;

Unscrewing and tightening lids;

Bulkhead croup;

Stringing buttons and beads.

When a child performs such exercises, it helps develop fine motor skills, develops his artistic taste, and develops his intellect.

Games to develop visual attention

Find two identical objects
A card is offered with the image of five or more objects, two of which are the same. You need to find identical objects and explain your choice.

Eliminating unnecessary things
A card is offered with the image of 4-5 objects, one of which is different from the rest. We need to find him.

Find differences
A card is offered showing two pictures that have several differences. It is necessary to find these differences as quickly as possible.

Laying out a mosaic or stick pattern
The child is asked to lay out a letter, number, pattern, silhouette, etc. from a mosaic (or sticks) according to a pattern.

Stringing beads
The child is offered a sample or pattern for stringing beads (for example, -OHOXOHO- -OOOHHHOOO- -OOHHOHOHHOO-), thread or wire, beads. A child collects beads.

Drawing by cells
The child is given a sheet of paper with a checkered pattern (large or small), a sample for drawing (an ornament or a closed figure), and a pencil. It is necessary to redraw the pattern cell by cell.

Labyrinth
Walk through the labyrinth, tracing the path with your eyes, if difficult, with your finger or pencil.

Name the item
The child is given drawings with masked (incomplete, crossed out, superimposed on each other) images of objects. It is necessary to name them.

How much of what?
The child is asked to look around the room and name as many objects as possible that begin with the letter "K", "T", "S", all glass or metal, all round, or all white objects.

Complete the drawing
The child is asked to name what is missing in the image of objects and complete them. Examples: a house without windows, a car without wheels, a flower without a stem, etc.

Cross it out
The child is offered a table where familiar objects or geometric shapes are depicted in several rows. You need to cross out, for example, all the trees or all the squares.

Corrector

Material: sheets with large printed text. Ask your child to find and cross out a letter in the text. Make sure it moves along the lines. Record the quality of your child’s work (the time it takes him to look through 3-5 lines, the number of errors), reward him for his progress.

Scouts
The child is asked to look at a fairly complex plot picture and remember all the details. Then the adult asks questions about this picture, and the child answers them.

Games to develop auditory attention

What did it sound like?
The child is shown the sounds of different objects (sounding toys, musical instruments). Then these objects sound behind the screen, and the child names what they sounded.

Four forces
The players sit in a circle and perform movements in accordance with the words: “earth” - arms down, “water” - stretch your arms forward, “air” - raise your arms up, “fire” - rotate your arms at the wrist and elbow joints. Whoever makes a mistake is considered a loser.

Listen and repeat
The child is asked to reproduce, following the pattern set by the adult, rhythmic

Games for the development of motor attention

Who's flying?
The adult pronounces the words. If he names a flying object, the child answers “flies” and pretends to flap its wings. If a non-flying object is named, the child remains silent and does not raise his hands.

Edible-inedible
Depending on the named object (whether it is edible or not), the child must catch or return the ball thrown to him by an adult.

Ear-nose
The child listens to the command: “Ear” and touches the ear. “Nose” - touches the nose. The adult first completes the task together with the child, then deliberately makes mistakes. The child must be attentive and not make mistakes.

Prohibited movement
The presenter shows the children a movement that cannot be repeated. Then he shows different movements with his arms and legs. The one who repeated the forbidden movement is eliminated from the game. Any movement or combination of movements can be prohibited.