Many years have passed since Adolf Hitler committed suicide. His biography is still of interest to historians. Many monographs and memoirs have been written about him, reading which one wonders how this man, so far from the image of a typical German of the first half of the last century, managed to capture the love of the German people and turn him into totalitarian state Weimar state.

Genius or crazy?

Adolf Hitler, whose biography is an important component of world history, is hated by most of humanity. However, even today there are those who idolize him. Some try to justify him by suggesting that the Fuhrer was ignorant of mass repressions. There are even fans of Hitler's idea. Surprisingly, there were many of these in the nineties in Russia, a country that suffered more than others from the aggression of the German Fuhrer.

But most historians portray him as a mediocre commander, a bad administrator, and a generally mentally unstable person. One can only wonder how such a person managed to manage a party that received the majority of votes in completely democratic elections and came to power in an absolutely legal way.

And yet, who is Adolf Hitler? The biography of this man gives some idea of ​​his character, creates an objective portrait, which, undoubtedly, does not justify his atrocities, but eliminates the vices and crimes attributed due to the caricature characteristic of Soviet censorship.

Origin

On April 10, 1889, shortly before the great Christian holiday, one of the most terrible villains in human history, Adolf Hitler, was born. His biography began in the small Austrian city of Braunau am Inn. His parents were close relatives to each other, which, as a rule, increases the risk of developing many diseases, and subsequently gave rise to many rumors about the Fuhrer’s anomaly.

The father, Alois Hitler, for some reasons, changed his last name shortly before the birth of his son. If he had not done this, Adolf Schicklgruber would have become Fuhrer. However, some historians believe that if Hitler's father had not changed his last name, Adolf's career would not have taken place. It’s hard to imagine a crowd frantically shouting in German: “Heil, Schicklgruber!” The formation and growth of a political career was influenced by many factors, but not the least role was played by sonorous name- Adolf Gitler. His biography is undoubtedly also predetermined by his origin and upbringing.

Childhood

The future Fuhrer initially studied well, but always gave a clear preference to the humanities. Most of all he was interested in world history and military affairs. Adolf Hitler loved to draw since childhood and dreamed of becoming an artist. However, the father wanted his son, like him, to make a bureaucratic career.

Alois Hitler was a purposeful and extremely powerful man, but any pressure he put on Adolf only led to stubborn resistance. The son did not want to become an official. He was overcome with boredom at the thought that someday he would have to sit in an office and not be able to manage his time. And as a sign of protest, Adolf studied worse and worse, and after the death of his father, when, it would seem, there was no longer any reason to protest, he began to openly skip classes. As a result, the certificate that the future Fuhrer received in 1905 contained “failures” in such subjects as German and French languages, mathematics, shorthand.

If Hitler became an artist...

While studying at a real school, Adolf Hitler received A's only in drawing. A short biography of this historical figure tells about his passion for painting. But Hitler was not accepted into the Academy of Arts, although he had certain abilities. But could Adolf Hitler devote his life to art? A brief biography of this man includes facts that indicate that his fate could have turned out differently...

Some historians believe that Hitler could have become an outstanding architect or painter. In this case, no National Socialism would exist in Germany. And most importantly, there would be no one to unleash the Second world war.

His most intolerant opponents deny the existence of all abilities in fine arts the main criminal of the 20th century. Objective researchers adhere to the fact that Hitler still had artistic inclinations. But in order to satisfy his ambition and desire to shake the world, he needed an extraordinary gift, such as, for example, Salvador Dali. Not less. The son of an Austrian official did not have such abilities. Therefore, the only field in which he was able to realize his plans, namely to achieve greatness, was politics.

In Vienna

Hitler did not receive a high school diploma. And it was not only a matter of reluctance to study, but also a serious pulmonary disease from which the already not particularly diligent student suffered. Family problems also prevented him from getting an education: his mother was diagnosed with breast cancer. According to eyewitnesses, Adolf Hitler expressed extremely touching filial feelings. The Fuhrer's biography shows that he knew how to love his neighbor. The World History tells that in his love for the distant, things were completely bad for him.

After his mother’s funeral, Hitler left for Vienna, where, in his own words, he spent “years of study and suffering.” As you know, the guy was not accepted into the Academy of Arts. Full biography Adolf Hitler, whose personal life was subsequently surrounded by numerous speculations and rumors, is, first of all, a long path to power. He spent more than one year wandering and searching for his place in this world. But it was in the capital of Austria that the future Fuhrer began to create the image of a fighter against bourgeois philistinism, which became fundamental in his political career. And it was precisely the ideas that arose from him at that time that the German people needed.

During the Vienna period, according to researchers, Adolf Hitler had the funds that he inherited, so he was able to lead an absolutely serene lifestyle. At this time, as, indeed, in children’s and teenage years, Hitler read a lot. There is nothing more dangerous than a man, who passionately dreams of power and protects himself from others with the help of books. He strives to build a world according to a literary, often utopian, model and is ready to commit the most terrible crimes in order to achieve his goals. The proof of the correctness of this statement is Adolf Hitler himself. The biography, personal life and career of this man were influenced by the books that he read in large quantities. Anti-Semitic pamphlets dominated among them.

Failed artist

Again in 1908, Hitler attempted to become a student at the Vienna Academy of Art. And just like the first time, I failed the entrance tests. He had no choice but to start making money by painting landscapes and portraits to order. Many years later, much attention from researchers was drawn to paintings created at the beginning of the century by a young artist named Hitler Adolf. The biography, life story, and creativity of this failed master of painting will never cease to interest writers and historians.

He created portraits and landscapes, the buyers of which, paradoxically, were mostly Jews. Moreover, they acquired these canvases not so much out of love for art as out of a desire to support the beginning painter. Twenty-five years later, the Fuhrer more than thanked his benefactors...

Unrecognized genius

What does a person experience who strives for recognition, but is unable to realize his plans? Hitler dreamed of becoming an artist, but professionals doubted his talent. He was extremely dreamy, but was not distinguished by perseverance, which did not allow him to work long and hard on his paintings and sketches. And, in the end, after a series of failures, a strong conviction settled in him of his own genius, which an ordinary person, a representative of the gray masses, could not recognize. He believed that only a select few could appreciate his talent. But by the will of fate or under the influence of certain subconscious aspirations, he found himself in the whirlpool of Viennese social life. It was in the homeland of great composers, poets and architects that the political biography Adolf Hitler.

Edward Gordon Craig, an outstanding British director and an outspoken opponent of Hitler's policies, once called the Fuhrer's watercolor paintings a notable achievement in painting. One of the adherents of the National Socialist doctrine, before his execution in Nuremberg, made an entry in his diary, which also spoke about the artistic talent of a man who was responsible for the most terrible crimes against humanity. There was no point in lying before the ideologist of Hitler’s policy before his death. But, despite his abilities, Hitler did not paint a single painting that could be called a striking work of painting. However, he was able to create a terrifying picture in world history. It's called World War II.

World War I

Adolf Hitler, whose brief biography was subject to strict censorship in the Soviet years (like everything else, by the way), had an image in our country of an irrational person, extremely mentally unbalanced. Many books have been written about him by foreign authors. In domestic literature, only in last years the German leader began to be assessed more objectively.

When the war began, Hitler did not want to join the ranks of the Austrian army, because he believed that a clear process of decomposition was taking place in it. The future leader of the German people was able to get rid of military service and went to Munich. His aspirations were aimed at the Bavarian army, whose ranks he joined in 1914.

The first signs of xenophobia

In the works of the historian Werner Maser were given Interesting Facts about Adolf Hitler. The biography of the Fuhrer, according to the German researcher, includes decisive events (one of which is the move to Germany), which are the result of a stubborn reluctance to fight in the same army with Jews and Czechs for the Habsburg state and at the same time an ardent desire to die for the German Reich. We can say that in 1914 it began military biography Adolf Hitler.

The biography and interesting facts from the life of the Fuhrer are well presented in the book “My Struggle”, banned in Russia. This work can have a very detrimental effect on the fragile and painful worldview that is characteristic of the younger generation. In particular, the book contains fragments describing military actions in which Hitler took part in the First World War. And they express not only hatred of the enemy, which is a completely natural reaction of a soldier after a battle, but also clear signs of xenophobia. Hatred towards “foreigners” subsequently resulted in the desire to cleanse Germany of their presence.

It was the years of the first military experience that had a radical influence on the formation of the personality known in history as Adolf Hitler. A complete biography of the Fuhrer was compiled for the first time by foreign authors based on his personal correspondence, information from an autobiographical book and testimonies of his relatives and acquaintances. In 1914-1915, the artist in Hitler's soul was increasingly replaced by an extremist politician with a clear program of action.

The future Fuhrer took part in thirty battles. In each of them, according to letters and memoirs, Adolf Hitler considered it obligatory to kill at least one enemy. Biography, summary which is set out in this article, indicates that in the future this man sought to destroy people in the millions, preferring to do this with the wrong hands.

He spent four years at the front and miraculously survived. Later, Hitler attributed this fact to his being chosen by God. The biography, the death of Adolf Hitler and the millions of victims of the war he started, are not written with the religiosity of this man. He retained his faith in God until the end of his days. But his faith was by no means Christian, characterized by sacrifice and forgiveness, but rather pagan.

Lost generation

The war led to the fact that the fate of millions of people in Germany was crippled. Many Germans could not cope with the shock of the massacre, of having to kill their own kind for four years, which made no sense. Adolf Hitler did not belong to the “lost generation.” He knew exactly what he was fighting for. The end of the war for him was not a defeat, but an event that determined his fate. He no longer dreamed of becoming an artist or architect, but believed that he should devote his life to the struggle for the greatness of the German people.

Hitler - speaker

At a time when former soldiers suffered from unemployment, mental disorders and alcoholism, Corporal Hitler attended lectures on history, read a lot and participated in rallies. Then the real talent of this man was revealed. He, like no one else, knew how to capture the attention of the public. Hitler was also able to imitate any German dialect, as a result of which in every city in Germany he subsequently seemed like a fellow countryman to the local residents, which also endeared many people to him. Oratory and the ability to influence the crowd (a stupid, irrational organism, but extremely important in a political career) - these are the main qualities that made a tyrant and dictator out of a young ambitious artist, who exterminated millions of innocent people during his life.

Jewish Question

On September 16, 1919, Hitler drew up a document detailing his views. This date is significant not only in the biography of the Fuhrer, but also in world history. It was from this day that humanity began to move towards the most terrible war of the 20th century.

The Germans were humiliated by the Treaty of Versailles. Among them there were many anti-Semites. But no one had such powerful oratory and organizational talent as Adolf Hitler possessed. On the day mentioned above, he drew up a document reflecting his views on the fate of the German people and expressing his idea regarding the solution of the ill-fated Jewish question.

DAP

If not for Hitler, the German Workers' Party would have collapsed in its infancy. The future Fuhrer turned her into powerful force in just a few years. Then he reorganized into the NSDAP. And this organization already had strict and strict discipline. The activities of the Fuhrer within the framework of the NSDP is a fact, which, of course, includes his short biography. A great many books and historical works have been written about Hitler. Many works of art have been created and more than one film has been made about his actions during the war. But no less interesting for researchers is his life before his ascension to political Olympus.

Death

Adolf Hitler committed suicide with a firearm when the news of the defeat of the German army became obvious. In his suicide letter, he nevertheless wrote that he was dying with a “joyful heart.” He was pleased with the “immeasurable deeds” that his soldiers managed to accomplish over the course of six years in the cities of Eastern Europe.

The Fuhrer shot himself in Berlin on April 20, when Soviet troops were on the outskirts of the German capital. The remains of Hitler and his wife were taken from the building and burned. Later, authoritative Soviet experts conducted an examination designed to confirm the fact of the Fuhrer’s death. This event, according to the findings of some later studies, contained a number of errors. This fact subsequently gave rise to the legend that Hitler was allegedly able to leave Berlin and died a natural death somewhere far away on one of the little-known islands. According to some sources, the falsification of the examination results was caused by Stalin's desire to portray his enemy, with whom he, however, sympathized, as a cowardly criminal. Hitler allegedly met an ugly death as a result of poisoning. After all, according to generally accepted opinion, only a valiant soldier is capable of shooting himself.

He disappeared into oblivion, but his memory remains forever. It is surprising that after just a few decades, National Socialism was able to again infect millions of people around the world, and many people today do not see anything criminal in anti-Semitism in Russia.

Greetings to regular and new readers of the site! The article “Adolf Hitler: biography, interesting facts, video” is about the main stages of the life of the founder of the totalitarian dictatorship of the Third Reich, the Fuhrer of Germany, the founder of National Socialism.

Adolf Hitler - leader fascist Germany and a Nazi criminal who tried to take over all of Europe and make the Aryan race superior to others. These aspirations were rightly recognized as crimes against humanity.

Biography of Adolf Hitler

The future leader of Germany was born in the Austrian city of Braunau am Inn on April 20, 1889. Little Adolf was the third child of five. Adolf's direct ancestors were peasants. Only his father made a career, becoming a government official.

Clara and Alois Hitler

Parents: Father - Alois Hitler, customs official. Mother - Clara, housewife, cousin-niece of her husband. The age difference between the spouses was 23 years. This is Alois's third marriage.

The family moved quite often and therefore Adolf did not particularly excel in the sciences. He performed well in physical education and drawing. He willingly studied geography and history, but did not like other subjects. The guy firmly decided that in life he would be an artist, and not an official, as his father wanted.

Hitler (center) with classmates, 1900

After the death of his mother, who survived her husband by four years, Adolf went to Vienna and began an independent life.

He couldn't draw people. In almost all of his paintings there were no people. But he enjoyed painting wonderful landscapes, still lifes, and buildings. He tried twice to enter the Vienna Academy of Arts, but was unsuccessful. He was not accepted.

The unrecognized artist fell into a catastrophic shortage of money. Sometimes he had to spend the night under a bridge with the collapsed dream and the vagabonds. Soon the guy found a way out - he started selling his paintings.

Dear reader, imagine how the course of the history of Germany and many countries would have changed if Adolf had managed to enter the Academy?! As an artist, he created about 3,400 paintings, sketches and drawings

Hitler's path to power

At the age of 24, the failed artist moved to Munich. There he was inspired by the First World War and entered the Bavarian Army. Germany lost this war. Hitler was extremely disappointed and blamed the country's political forces for the defeat.

It was this disappointment that prompted the young activist to join the People's Party of Workers, which he later headed.

Having led the NSDAP, Adolf began an active movement to seize power. On November 9, 1923, the Nazis, on their way to overthrow the government, were stopped by police. The party leader was sentenced to 5 years in prison. He was released after 9 months!

These events did not change Adolf's intentions. The revived NSDAP turned into a national party. To achieve power, he enlisted the support of senior military officials and major industrialists in Germany.

Political career

The Nazi leader moved up the career ladder quite quickly. So, in 1930 he already led the assault troops. To participate in the elections for the post of Reich Chancellor, he changed his Austrian citizenship to German.

He lost the election. But a year later, under pressure from representatives of the NSDAP, German President Paul von Hindenburg appointed Hitler to this post.

But this was not enough for The First Nazi. After all, power still belonged to the Reichstag. Over the next two years, Hitler, having removed the presidency of Germany, became the head of the Nazi state.

The Fuhrer began to develop the country by restoring production military equipment. Violating the Treaty of Versailles, Germany absorbs Czechoslovakia, the Rhineland and Austria.

At the same time, the country is undergoing “cleansing” of the Aryan race from Gypsies and Jews, based on Hitler’s autobiographical work “Mein Kampf” (1926). And the “Night of the Long Knives” completely cleared Hitler’s path of possible political competitors.

In 1939, Nazi Germany attacked Norway, Poland, Denmark, Luxembourg, Holland, Belgium, and took offensive actions against France. By 1941, almost all of Europe was “under the boot” of Hitler.

Adolf Hitler: short biography (video)

On June 22, 1941, Nazi troops attacked the USSR. The Second World War lasted 6 years, ending with the defeat of Germany and the liberation of all previously captured powers.

The main court of history

From November 20, 1945 to October 1, 1946, the trial took place at the International Military Tribunal (Nuremberg). former leaders Hitler's Germany.

Hitler's personal life

Adolf Hitler was never officially married. He had no children, but he could conquer the most unapproachable ladies with his charismatic character. In 1929, he was struck by the beauty of Eva Braun, who became his partner. But even this love did not stop the German leader from flirting with other women.

In 2012, Hitler’s son, a certain Werner Schmedt, born from the dictator’s niece Geli Ruabal, announced his existence.

The date of death of Adolf Hitler is April 30, 1945 (age 56 years). When he was informed about the entry of Soviet troops into Berlin, Adolf and Eva committed suicide. The cause of death has not yet been precisely established. Perhaps it was poison, or a shot to the head. Their bodies were found burned in the bunker. Hitler's height is 1.75 m, his zodiac sign is Aries.

Adolf Hitler is a German politician, the founder and central figure of National Socialism, founder of the totalitarian dictatorship of the Third Reich, head of the National Socialist German Workers' Party, Reich Chancellor and Fuhrer of Germany, supreme commander of the German armed forces in World War II.

Hitler was the initiator of the outbreak of World War II (1939-1945), as well as the creation of concentration camps. Today, his biography is one of the most studied in the world.

To this day, various films and films continue to be made about Hitler. documentaries and also write books. In this article we will talk about personal life the Fuhrer, his rise to power and inglorious death.

When Hitler was four years old, his father died. Four years later, in 1907, his mother also died from cancer, which became a real tragedy for the teenager.

After this, Adolf became more independent, and even prepared the appropriate documents himself to receive a pension.

Youth

Soon Hitler decides to go to Vienna. Initially, he wants to devote his life to art and become a famous artist.

In this regard, he tries to enter the Art Academy, but he fails to pass the exams. This upset him greatly, but did not break him.

The subsequent years of his biography were filled with various difficulties. He experienced difficult financial circumstances, often went hungry, and even spent the night on the street because he could not pay for accommodation for the night.

At that time, Adolf Hitler tried to make money by painting, but this brought him a very meager income.

It is interesting that upon reaching conscription age, he hid from military service. The main reason was his reluctance to serve alongside the Jews, whom he already treated with contempt.

When Hitler turned 24, he went to Munich. It was there that he met the First World War (1914-1918), which he was sincerely happy about.

He immediately enlisted as a volunteer in the Bavarian army, after which he participated in various battles.

It should be noted that Adolf showed himself to be a very brave soldier, for which he was awarded the Iron Cross, second degree.

An interesting fact is that even after becoming the head of the Third Reich, he was very proud of his award and wore it on his chest all his life.

Hitler perceived defeat in the war as a personal tragedy. He associated it with the cowardice and corruption of the politicians ruling Germany. After the war, he became seriously interested in politics, as a result of which he joined the People's Labor Party.

Hitler's rise to power

Over time, Adolf Hitler took the post of head of the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP), having great authority among his comrades.

In 1923, he managed to organize the “Beer Hall Putsch,” the goal of which was to overthrow the current government.

When on November 9, Hitler with a 5,000-strong army of stormtroopers headed for the walls of the ministry, he met armed detachments of police on his way. As a result, the coup attempt ended in failure.

In 1924, when he died, Adolf was sentenced to 5 years in prison. However, after spending less than a year behind bars, for unknown reasons, he was released.

After that, he revived the Nazi party NSDAP, making it one of the most popular in the country. Somehow, Hitler managed to establish contacts with the German generals and enlist support from major industrialists.

It is worth noting that it was during this period of his biography that Hitler wrote the famous book “Mein Kampf” (“My Struggle”). In it, he described in detail his biography, as well as his vision of the development of Germany and National Socialism.

By the way, nationalist, according to one version, goes back precisely to the book “Mein Kampf”.

In 1930, Adolf Hitler became commander of the assault troops (SA), and 2 years later he already tried to get the position of Reich Chancellor.

But that time Kurt von Schleicher won the election. However, a year later he was dismissed by President Paul von Hindenburg. As a result, Hitler still received the position of Reich Chancellor, but this was not enough for him.

He wanted to have absolute power and be the rightful ruler of the state. It took him less than 2 years to realize this dream.

Nazism in Germany

In 1934, after the death of 86-year-old German President Hindenburg, Hitler assumed the powers of head of state and commander-in-chief of the armed forces.

The title of president was abolished; From now on, Hitler was to be called Fuhrer and Reich Chancellor.

That same year, brutal oppression of Jews and Roma with the use of weapons began. A totalitarian Nazi regime began to operate in the country, which was considered the only correct one.

In Germany, a course towards militarization was announced. In a short time, tank and artillery troops were created, and aircraft were also built.

It is worth noting that all these actions were contrary to the Treaty of Versailles, signed after the end of the First World War.

However, for some reason, European countries turned a blind eye to such actions of the Nazis.

However, this is not surprising if we remember how it was signed, after which Hitler made the final decision to capture all of Europe.

Soon, on the initiative of Adolf Hitler, the Gestapo police and a system of concentration camps were created.

On June 30, 1934, the Gestapo staged a massive pogrom against SA stormtroopers, which went down in history as the Night of the Long Knives.

More than a thousand people who posed a potential threat to the Fuhrer were killed. Among them was the leader of the stormtroopers, Ernst Röhm.

Many people who had nothing to do with the SA were also killed, in particular Hitler's predecessor as Reich Chancellor Kurt von Schleicher and his wife.

After the Nazis came to power, active propaganda of the superiority of the Aryan nation over others began in Germany. Naturally, the Germans themselves were called Aryans, who had to fight for the purity of blood, enslaving and destroying the “inferior” races.

In parallel with this, the German people were instilled with the idea that they should become the rightful masters of the whole world. Interestingly, Adolf Hitler wrote about this 10 years ago in his book Mein Kampf.

The Second World War

On September 1, 1939, the bloodiest war in humanity began. Germany attacked Poland and completely occupied it within two weeks.

This was followed by the annexation of the territories of Norway, Denmark, and France. The blitzkrieg continued with the capture of Yugoslavia.

On June 22, 1941, Hitler's troops attacked the Soviet Union, whose head was. Initially, the Wehrmacht managed to win one victory after another quite easily, but during the Battle of Moscow the Germans began to have serious problems.

Under the leadership, the Red Army launched an active counter-offensive on all fronts. After victories in the Battle of Kursk, it became clear that the Germans would no longer be able to win the war.

Holocaust and death camps

When Adolf Hitler became head of state, he created on the territory of Germany, Poland and Austria concentration camps for the purposeful destruction of people. Their number exceeded 42,000.

During the Fuhrer's reign, millions of people died in them, including prisoners of war, civilians, children and those people who did not support the ideas of the Third Reich.

Some of the most famous camps were in Auschwitz, Buchenwald, Treblinka (where he died a heroic death), Dachau and Majdanek.

Prisoners in concentration camps were subjected to sophisticated torture and cruel experiments. In these death factories, Hitler destroyed representatives of the “inferior” races and enemies of the Reich.

In the Polish camp Auschwitz (Auschwitz), gas chambers were built in which 20,000 people were exterminated every day.

Millions of Jews and Gypsies died in such cells. This camp became a sad symbol of the Holocaust - the large-scale extermination of Jews, recognized as the largest genocide of the 20th century.

If you are interested in learning how the Nazi death camps operated, read short biography, who was nicknamed the “blond devil.”

Why did Hitler hate Jews

Biographers of Adolf Hitler have several opinions on this issue. The most common version is "racial politics", which he divided into 3 parts.

• The main (Aryan) race were the Germans, who were supposed to rule the whole world.
• Then came the Slavs, whom Hitler wanted to partially destroy and partially make slaves.
• The third group included Jews who had no right to exist at all.

Other researchers of Hitler's biography suggest that the dictator's hatred of the Jews was born out of envy, since they owned large enterprises and banking institutions, while he, as a young German, eked out a miserable existence.

Personal life

It is still difficult to say anything about Hitler’s personal life in the absence of reliable facts.

It is only known that for 13 years, starting in 1932, he cohabited with Eva Braun, who became his legal wife only on April 29, 1945. Moreover, Adolf had no children from her or from any other woman.

An interesting fact is that, despite his unattractive appearance, Hitler was very popular with women, always able to win them over.

Some biographers of Hitler claim that he could influence people hypnotically. At least he definitely mastered the art of mass hypnosis, since during his performances people turned into a slavishly obedient crowd of thousands.

Thanks to his charisma, oratory and bright gestures, Hitler made many girls fall in love with him, ready to do anything for him. Interestingly, when he lived with Eva Braun, she twice wanted to commit suicide out of jealousy.

In 2012, American Werner Schmedt announced that he is the son of Adolf Hitler and his niece Geli Ruabal.

To prove this, he provided some photographs showing his “parents”. However, Werner's story immediately aroused distrust among a number of Hitler's biographers.

Death of Hitler

April 30, 1945, surrounded Soviet troops In Berlin, 56-year-old Hitler and his wife Eva Braun committed suicide, having previously killed their beloved dog Blondie.

There are two versions about how exactly Hitler died. According to one of them, the Fuhrer took potassium cyanide, and according to another, he shot himself.

According to witnesses from among the service personnel, even the day before, Hitler gave the order to deliver cans of gasoline from the garage to destroy the bodies.

After discovering the Fuhrer's death, the officers wrapped his body in a soldier's blanket and, together with the body of Eva Braun, carried it out of the bunker.

They were then doused with gasoline and set on fire, as this was the will of Adolf Hitler himself.

Red Army soldiers found the remains of the dictator in the form of dentures and parts of the skull. At the moment they are stored in Russian archives.

There is a popular urban legend that the corpses of Hitler and his wife's doubles were found in the bunker, and the Fuhrer himself and his wife allegedly fled to Argentina, where they lived out the rest of their days in peace.

Similar versions are put forward and proven even by some historians, including the British Gerard Williams and Simon Dunstan. However, the scientific community rejects such theories.

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The central figure in the history of the first half of the 20th century, the main instigator of the Second World War, the perpetrator of the Holocaust, the founder of totalitarianism in Germany and in the territories it occupied. And all this is one person. How did Hitler die: did he take poison, shoot himself, or die a very old man? This question has concerned historians for almost 70 years.

Childhood and youth

The future dictator was born on April 20, 1889 in the city of Braunau am Inn, which at that time was located in Austria-Hungary. From 1933 until the end of World War II, Hitler's birthday was a public holiday in Germany.

Adolf's family was low-income: his mother, Clara Pelzl, was a peasant woman, his father, Alois Hitler, was initially a shoemaker, but over time began to work in customs. After the death of her husband, Clara and her son lived quite comfortably, dependent on relatives.

Since childhood, Adolf showed a talent for drawing. In his youth he studied music. He especially liked the works of the German composer W.R. Wagner. Every day he visited theaters and coffee houses, read adventure novels and German mythology, loved to walk around Linz, loved picnics and sweets. But his favorite pastime was still drawing, which Hitler later began to earn his living with.

Military service

During the First World War, the future Fuhrer of Germany voluntarily joined the ranks of the German army. At first he was a private, later a corporal. During the fighting he was wounded twice. At the end of the war he was awarded the Iron Cross of the first and second degrees.

Hitler perceived the defeat of the German Empire in 1918 as a knife in his own back, because he was always confident in the greatness and invincibility of his country.

The rise of a Nazi dictator

After the failure of the German army, he returned to Munich and joined the German armed forces - the Reichswehr. Later, on the advice of his closest comrade E. Rehm, he became a member of the German Workers' Party. Instantly relegating its founders to the background, Hitler became the head of the organization.

About a year later it was renamed the National Socialist Workers' Party of Germany (German abbreviation NSDAP). It was then that Nazism began to emerge. The party's program points reflected A. Hitler's main ideas on restoring the state power of Germany:

Establishment of the supremacy of the German Empire over Europe, especially over the Slavic lands;

Liberation of the country's territory from foreigners, namely from Jews;

Replacing the parliamentary regime with one leader, who would concentrate power over the entire country in his hands.

In 1933, these points would find their way into his autobiography, Mein Kampf, which translated from German means “My Struggle.”

Power

Thanks to the NSDAP, Hitler quickly became a famous politician, whose opinion was taken into account by other figures.

On November 8, 1923, a rally was held in Munich, at which the leader of the National Socialists announced the beginning of the German revolution. During the so-called Beer Hall Putsch, it was necessary to destroy the treacherous power of Berlin. When he led his supporters to the square to storm the administrative building, the German army opened fire on them. At the beginning of 1924, the trial of Hitler and his associates took place, they were given 5 years in prison. Nevertheless, they were released after just nine months.

Due to their prolonged absence, a split occurred in the NSDAP. The future Fuhrer and his allies E. Rehm and G. Strasser revived the party, but not as a former regional, but as a national political power. In early 1933, German President Hindenburg appointed Hitler to the post of Reich Chancellor. From that moment on, the Prime Minister began to implement the program points of the NSDAP. By order of Hitler, his comrades Rehm, Strasser and many others were killed.

The Second World War

Until 1939, the million-strong German Wehrmacht split Czechoslovakia and annexed Austria and the Czech Republic. Having secured the consent of Joseph Stalin, Hitler launched a war against Poland, as well as England and France. Having achieved successful results at this stage, the Fuhrer entered the war with the USSR.

The defeat of the Soviet army initially led to Germany’s seizure of the territories of Ukraine, the Baltic states, Russia and other union republics. A regime of tyranny that had no equal was established on the annexed lands. However, from 1942 to 1945, the Soviet army liberated its territories from the German invaders, as a result of which the latter were forced to retreat to their borders.

Death of the Fuhrer

A common version of the following events is Hitler's suicide on April 30, 1945. But did it happen? And was the leader of Germany even in Berlin at that time? Realizing that the German troops would be defeated again, he could leave the country before the Soviet army captured it.

Until now, for historians and ordinary people, the mystery of the death of the dictator of Germany is interesting and mysterious: where, when and how Hitler died. Today there are many hypotheses about this.

Version one. Berlin

The capital of Germany, a bunker under the Reich Chancellery - it is here, as is commonly believed, that A. Hitler shot himself. He made the decision to commit suicide on the afternoon of April 30, 1945, in connection with the end of the army’s assault on Berlin Soviet Union.

People close to the dictator and his companion Eva Braun claimed that he himself shot himself in the mouth with a pistol. The woman, as it turned out a little later, poisoned herself and the shepherd dog with potassium cyanide. Witnesses also reported what time Hitler died: he fired the shot between 15:15 and 15:30.

Eyewitnesses of the picture accepted the only thing, in their opinion, correct solution- burn the corpses. Since the area outside the bunker was continuously shelled, Hitler’s henchmen hastily carried the bodies to the surface of the earth, doused them with gasoline and set them on fire. The fire barely flared up and soon went out. The process was repeated a couple of times until the bodies were charred. Meanwhile, the artillery shelling intensified. Hitler's lackey and adjutant hastily covered the remains with earth and returned to the bunker.

On May 5, the Soviet military discovered the dead bodies of the dictator and his mistress. Their service personnel were hiding in the Reich Chancellery. The servants were captured for interrogation. Cooks, lackeys, security guards and others claimed that they saw someone being taken out of the dictator’s personal chambers, but Soviet intelligence never received clear answers to the question of how Adolf Hitler died.

A few days later, Soviet intelligence services established the location of the corpse and began to immediately examine it, but it also did not give positive results, because the remains found were mostly badly burned. The only way of identification was the jaws, which were well preserved.

Intelligence found and interrogated Hitler's dental assistant, Ketti Goiserman. Based on specific dentures and fillings, Frau determined that the jaw belonged to the late Fuhrer. Even later, security officers found prosthetist Fritz Echtman, who confirmed the assistant’s words.

In November 1945, Arthur Axman was detained, one of the participants in the very meeting held on April 30 in the bunker, at which it was decided to burn the bodies of Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun. His story coincided in detail with the testimony given by the servant a few days after such a significant event in the history of the end of World War II - the fall of the capital of Nazi Germany, Berlin.

The remains were then packed into boxes and buried near Berlin. Later they were dug up and buried again several times, changing their location. Later, the USSR government decided to cremate the bodies and scatter the ashes to the wind. The only thing that was left for the KGB archive was the jaw and part of the skull of the former Fuhrer of Germany, which was hit by a bullet.

The Nazi could have survived

The question of how Hitler died, in fact, still remains open. After all, could the witnesses (mostly allies and assistants of the dictator) give false information in order to lead the Soviet intelligence services astray? Certainly.

That’s exactly what Hitler’s dental assistant did. After Ketty Goizerman was released from Soviet camps, she immediately retracted her information. This is the first thing. Secondly, according to USSR intelligence officers, the jaw may not belong to the Fuhrer, since it was found separately from the corpse. One way or another, these facts give rise to attempts by historians and journalists to get to the bottom of the truth - where Adolf Hitler died.

Version two. South America, Argentina

Exists a large number of hypotheses regarding the escape of the German dictator from besieged Berlin. One of them is the assumption that Hitler died in America, where he fled with Eva Braun on April 27, 1945. This theory was provided by British writers D. Williams and S. Dunstan. In the book “Gray Wolf: The Escape of Adolf Hitler,” they suggested that in May 1945, Soviet intelligence services found the bodies of doubles of the Fuhrer and his mistress Eva Braun, and the real ones, in turn, left the bunker and went to the city of Mar del Plata, Argentina.

The overthrown German dictator, even there, cherished his dream of a new Reich, which, fortunately, was not destined to come true. Instead, Hitler, by marrying Eva Braun, gained family happiness and two daughters. The writers also named in what year Hitler died. According to them, it was 1962, February 13th.

The story seems absolutely meaningless, but the authors urge you to remember 2009, in which they conducted research on the skull found in the bunker. Their results showed that the part of the head that had been shot belonged to a woman.

Important proof

The British consider the interview of Soviet Marshal G. Zhukov dated June 10, 1945, as another confirmation of their theory, where he reports that the corpse that was found by USSR intelligence in early May of the same year might not have belonged to the Fuhrer. That there is no evidence to say exactly how Hitler died.

The military leader also does not exclude the possibility that Hitler could have been in Berlin on April 30 and flew out of the city to last minute. He could choose any point on the map for subsequent residence, including South America. Thus, we can assume that Hitler died in Argentina, where he lived for the last 17 years.

Version three. South America, Brazil

There are suggestions that Hitler died at 95. This is reported in the book “Hitler in Brazil - His Life and Death” by writer Simoni Rene Gorreiro Diaz. In her opinion, in 1945, the overthrown Fuhrer managed to escape from besieged Berlin. He lived in Argentina, then in Paraguay, until he settled on Nossa Senhora do Livramento. This small town is located in the state of Mato Grosso. The journalist is sure that Adolf Hitler died in Brazil in 1984.

The ex-Führer chose this state because it is sparsely populated and Jesuit treasures are supposedly buried in its lands. Hitler's comrades from the Vatican informed him about the treasure and gave him a map of the area.

The refugee lived in complete secret. Changed his name to Ajolf Leipzig. Diaz is sure that he chose this surname not by chance, because his favorite composer V. R. Wagner was born in the city of the same name. His cohabitant was Cutinga, a black woman whom Hitler met upon his arrival in do Livramento. The author of the book published their photograph.

In addition, Simoni Diaz wants to compare the DNA of things that were provided to her by a relative of the Nazi dictator from Israel, and the remains of Azholf Leipzig's clothes. The journalist hopes for test results that may support the hypothesis that Hitler actually died in Brazil.

Most likely, these newspaper publications and books are just speculation that arises with each new historical fact. At least that's what I'd like to think. Even if this did not happen in 1945, it is unlikely that we will ever know in what year Hitler actually died. But we can be absolutely sure that death overtook him in the last century.

Hitler's actual "seizure of power" became possible as a result of a political conspiracy with former Chancellor F. von Papen. Meeting in secrecy on January 4, 1933, they agreed to work together in a government in which Hitler would become chancellor and von Papen's supporters would receive key ministerial posts. In addition, they agreed to remove Social Democrats, Communists and Jews from leading positions. Von Papen's support brought the Nazi Party significant financial assistance from the German business community.

On January 30, 1933, the “Bavarian corporal” became chancellor, taking an oath to defend the constitution of the Weimar Republic. The following year, Hitler assumed the title of Führer (leader) and Chancellor of Germany. Hitler sought to quickly consolidate his power and establish a “thousand-year Reich.” In the first months of his reign, everything, except for the Nazi one, were banned, trade unions were dissolved, the entire population was covered by Nazi-controlled unions, societies and groups.

Hitler tried to convince the country of the danger of the “Red Terror”.
On the night of February 27, 1933, the Reichstag building caught fire. The Nazis blamed the communists and took full advantage of the trumped-up charges in the elections, increasing their presence in the Reichstag.

By the summer of 1934, Hitler faced serious opposition within his party. The “old fighters” of the SA assault troops, led by E. Rehm, demanded more radical social reforms, called for a “second revolution” and insisted on the need to strengthen their role in the army. German generals spoke out against such radicalism and the SA's claims to leadership of the army. Hitler, who needed the support of the army and himself feared the uncontrollability of the stormtroopers, opposed his former comrades. Having accused Rehm of preparing to assassinate the Fuhrer, he carried out a bloody massacre on June 30, 1934 (“the night of the long knives”), during which several hundred SA leaders, including Rehm, were killed. Soon, army officers swore allegiance not to the constitution or the country, but to Hitler personally. Germany's Chief Justice declared that "the law and the constitution are the will of our Fuhrer."

On September 29, 1938, Hitler, together with Mussolini, met in Munich with Prime Minister of England Chamberlain and Prime Minister of France Daladier; The parties agreed to the separation of the Sudetenland (with a German-speaking population) from Czechoslovakia. In mid-October, German troops occupied the area and Hitler began preparations for the next “crisis.”

On March 15, 1939, German troops occupied Prague, completing the absorption of Czechoslovakia.

In August 1939, Germany and the USSR, with rare cynicism on both sides, signed a non-aggression pact, which freed Hitler's hands in the east and gave him the opportunity to concentrate his efforts on the destruction of Europe. On September 1, 1939, the German army invaded Poland, which marked the beginning of World War II. Hitler took command of the armed forces and imposed own plan

conducting the war, despite strong resistance from the army leadership, in particular, the Chief of the General Staff of the Army, General L. Beck, who insisted that Germany did not have enough forces to defeat the Allies (England and France), who had declared war on Hitler. After capturing Denmark, Norway, Holland, Belgium and, finally, France, Hitler - not without hesitation - decided to invade England. In October 1940, he issued a directive for Operation Sea Lion, the code name for the invasion. Hitler's plans also included the conquest of the Soviet Union. Believing that the time had come, Hitler took steps to secure Japanese support in its conflict with the United States. He hoped that in this way he would keep America from interfering in the European conflict. Nevertheless, Hitler failed to convince the Japanese that the war with the USSR will bring success

On July 20, 1944, the last attempt to eliminate Hitler took place: a time bomb was detonated at his Wolfschanze headquarters near Rastenburg. Salvation from imminent death strengthened him in the consciousness of his chosenness; he decided that the German nation would not perish as long as he remained in Berlin. British and American troops from the west and the Soviet army from the east tightened the encirclement ring around the German capital. Hitler was in an underground bunker in Berlin, refusing to leave it: he did not go either to the front or to inspect German cities destroyed by Allied aircraft. On April 15, Hitler was joined by Eva Braun, his mistress for more than 12 years. During his rise to power, this relationship was not advertised, but as the end approached, he allowed Eva Braun to appear with him in public. In the early morning of April 29, they got married.

Having dictated a political testament in which the future leaders of Germany called on the merciless fight against “the poisoners of all nations - international Jewry,” Hitler committed suicide on April 30, 1945.
Sergey Piskunov
chrono.info