A person’s character is not determined at birth; it develops on the basis of natural data under the influence of the environment and society, manifesting itself especially clearly in turning points life.
Pushkin does not give evaluative definitions to the characters of Berestov and Muromsky, Alexei and Liza.
A confidently outlined life story of the heroes, laconic lines of portraits, brief and succinct speech characteristics, including improperly direct speech, the very behavior of the heroes in the current situation - all these are artistic means of creating characters in the story.
In fact, the time limits of the action of “The Young Lady-Peasant Woman” are defined. This is two to three months, starting from Nastya’s visit to the chef’s wife and to the recognition scene. However, the boundaries are pushed back when we restore the biographies of Muromsky and Berestov and, looking ahead, we see how two estates, two families merge into one - one rich, the other noble, and old men babysitting their grandchildren.

Ivan Petrovich Berestov

in his youth he served in the guard. Under Catherine II, service in the guard was a privilege for wealthy noble families. The guards have always been the empress's support. It is no coincidence that Berestov retired at the beginning of 1797, when, after the death of Catherine II, Paul I, who imposed Prussian orders in Russia, came to the throne. A young, ardent guardsman, Berestov, like most Russian people, does not want to obey Paul I, and his protest against the new order is expressed by his resignation. Berestov was about 30 years old at that time, that is, he was born around 1767.
In 1801, Alexander I became emperor. Serfdom seemed unshakable. The nobility enjoyed all the privileges. The nobles understood that manufactories and factories were a profitable business, so the number of industrial enterprises in Russia increased significantly. Having become the sole owner of the estate, Berestov was not satisfied with his parents’ house, but decided to build his own, according to own plan(he had something to compare with - he served in St. Petersburg!). The money invested in the construction of the factory was quickly returned, and income tripled. Serfs did not have to be paid like hired workers. Berestov became one of the richest landowners in the province, sent his son, who had grown up by that time, to study in the capitals, and then to the university (the University of Göttingen was the most popular among Russian students), he himself received guests, took care of horses and dogs, did not read anything, except for the Senate Gazette, and recorded the expenses himself.
Out of affection for everything homemade, Russian - or out of economy bordering on stinginess, he wore a frock coat made of homemade cloth, but on weekdays he wore a corduroy jacket. It seemed that he was a hospitable host, but for the treat the neighbors paid him with loud praises about his household management, agreed that he was the smartest person, did not interfere with his narcissism, feigned humility, and then went to tell Muromsky about Berestov and were amused by the rage of Grigory Ivanovich.
Of course, Berestov was a good host. Russian people said about such people: “The arrogance is noble, but the mind is peasant.” (V.I. Dal). He knew the value of work and time, he knew the value of money, and therefore could not understand Muromsky’s extravagance. Self-confidence allowed Ivan Petrovich to feel at home everywhere. He was used to people around him listening to him, and he didn’t think much about people’s moods.
In the first place in Berestov’s value chain was wealth and property. He does not miss an opportunity to emphasize his wealth: to travel three miles, he harnesses six horses; stubborn Alexei, who does not want to marry Liza Muromskaya, is threatened with deprivation of his inheritance. He looks at his son’s marriage as a profitable deal: “Grigory Ivanovich was close relative Count Pronsky, a noble and strong man; The count could be very useful to Alexei...”
From the image of Berestov there are only a few steps to the image of Kirila Petrovich Troekurov. The main, most prominent, prominent character trait of both is self-love.
If we conditionally divide the story, like a play, into five acts, then in the first two acts we see an allegedly pronounced conflict between Berestov and Muromsky.

Grigory Ivanovich Muromsky

was a close relative of Count Pronsky and had a significant fortune. It is possible that he was born in Moscow and, if he visited his estate as a child, he visited it extremely rarely. It was precisely these people, who did not know the value of labor and the time spent on work, who had no idea how bread would be born, who carelessly squandered their fortune in the capitals, lost at cards, and held balls (remember Eugene Onegin’s father). Muromsky served, but probably not for long (“the old men remembered the old times and the anecdotes of their service”). Perhaps he traveled abroad, where he became infected with Anglomania, that is, he became a passionate supporter of everything English.
In Moscow, his daughter was born and grew up. After the death of his wife, Muromsky left with his daughter to his village. His “pranks” - the English garden, the costumes of English jockeys on grooms, the maintenance of “Madame Miss Jackson”, who “received ... two thousand rubles and died of boredom in this barbaric Russia,” all this turned into new debts, moreover, the peasants of the estate pledged by Grigory Ivanovich to the Guardian Council had to pay interest on the amount that the landowner had successfully spent. The peasants went bankrupt, and the neighbors admired how Muromsky loved and pampered his daughter, whom he left without an inheritance, in fact with only debts (“... all her mother’s diamonds, not yet pawned, shone on her fingers, neck and ears” ). Moreover, he never tried to penetrate her inner world. He interpreted all actions that were incomprehensible to him in a way convenient for himself: after Lisa’s first early walk, he talks about “the principles of human longevity, gleaned from English magazines”; after dressing Lisa for dinner, he asks her a question and, without waiting for an answer, advises his daughter to use whitewash.
Just as Berestov does not see and does not understand his son, so Muromsky sees in Liza only the prankster and minx Betsy. But if Berestov is like Krylov’s hardworking Ant, then his neighbor glides through life like a Moth. This slippage, the habit of avoiding serious solutions to problems, carelessness and irresponsibility are also manifested in his speech. (“Are you crazy?” the father objected, “how long ago have you become so shy, or do you have a hereditary hatred of them, like a novel heroine?”)
We see the same thoughts of Muromsky about Lisa’s marriage: “...after the death of Ivan Petrovich, all his estate will pass into the hands of Alexei Ivanovich; that in this case Alexey Ivanovich will be one of the richest landowners of that province and that there is no reason for him not to marry Liza.” Muromsky's thought about of death neighbor contributed to the transformation of acquaintance into friendship!
Just as easily as he approaches financial matters, Muromsky treats matters of the heart: “... if Alexey is with me every day, then Betsy will have to fall in love with him. This is par for the course. Time will sort everything out." Grigory Ivanovich wants to get rid of his daughter as quickly as possible, because the heaviest burden is the burden of responsibility.
Pushkin himself, thanks to the narrator - Belkin, does not give a direct assessment of the life of an "educated European", only once with sober eyes - the eyes of Alexei - we see Muromsky simply as a "narcissistic Anglomaniac", and Berestov as a "calculating landowner".
So, the life positions of Berestov and Muromsky are built on the same platform - on pride. It was this, and not the “timidity of the short filly,” that became the reason for the cessation of the “ancient and deeply rooted” enmity. Was there any hostility? It could not be ancient, Muromsky did not live in Priluchin for so long, and the neighbors portrayed its depth, zealous in conveying the words of one landowner to another.
The author parodies the theme of the enmity of fathers, popular thanks to W. Shakespeare, which is why he uses so many words suddenly, unexpectedly, hatred, enemy and the promising “suddenly found himself within pistol shot distance.” But the enmity is inflated by the neighbors and bursts like a soap bubble at the very first meeting of the two landowners.
It should be noted that in “Dubrovsky” the conflict is already real, it is based on the independence of one neighbor and the lust for power of another neighbor.
Berestov and Muromsky are two typical representatives of the nobility early XIX century, their images will be continued in the heroes of I. S. Turgenev, L. N. Tolstoy, I. A. Goncharov and I. A. Bunin.

Alexey Berestov.

In the 19th century, the relative speed of the passage of time intensified even more, and long before I. S. Turgenev, A. S. Pushkin outlined the theme of the conflict between fathers and children. Ivan Petrovich Berestov, reading the Senate Gazette on his estate, has no idea what the life of a university student is filled with. The father is a monolithic figure, frozen in his habits. In Alexey we can distinguish and highlight several subpersonalities, each of which lives its own life, as it were, at the same time they form a single whole.
Alexey the Hussar. His father won't let him go military service, but Alexey grows a mustache just in case. “Alexey was really great. It would really be a pity if his slender figure was never pulled together by a military uniform and if, instead of showing off on a horse, he spent his youth bent over office papers.”
Alexey is a mysterious melancholic, brought new fashion from capitals to the provinces. “He was the first to appear before them, gloomy and disappointed, the first to tell them about lost joys and about his faded youth; Moreover, he wore a black ring with the image of a death’s head.”
How similar:

Lensky was sincere in his songs. Alexey chose this role for himself only when it seemed necessary to him: “He decided that cold absent-mindedness was, in any case, the most decent thing.”
Alexey the master.“Amazingly good,” Nastya says about him, “handsome, one might say. Slender, tall, blush all over his cheek...” With peasant women and courtyard girls, he is “used to not standing on ceremony” and behaves not like a gentleman, but like a spoiled barchuk.
Alexey-son knows well the disposition of his father, who if he “gets into his head, then, in the words of Taras Skotinin, you can’t knock him out with a nail,” therefore, in a conversation with his father, he takes the pose of a respectful son and prefers to look obedient to his father’s will until he They don’t take you alive.
Alexey the Göttingener. In Germany, at the University of Göttingen, the flower of the Russian nobility was studying at that time. There they talked about philosophy, about freedom and enlightenment of the people, read progressive literature, and thought about duty and honor. Alexey, starting to teach Akulina to read and write, was surprised: “Yes, our learning proceeds faster than according to the Lancastrian system.” The Bell-Lancaster system of peer education, when older successful students (monitors), under the guidance of a teacher, taught classes to other students, became known in Russia since 1818.
This system was considered progressive, and it was used by the Decembrists to spread literacy among soldiers. Alexei's acquaintance with this system speaks of his connection with the advanced, educated nobility.
For the third lesson, Alexey brings Akulina “Natalia, the Boyar’s Daughter” by N. M. Karamzin. This is a historical idyll in a sentimental-romantic spirit - a story about two lovers, whose lives are inextricably linked with the fate of the state. The books of N.M. Karamzin were hardly kept in the library of old Berestov. Karamzin was an entire era of Russian literature, an idol of young poets. The idea of ​​his work was “to elevate the rank of man in our fatherland” (“Once upon a time there was a good king”).
Alexei ( main character"Natalia, the Boyar's Daughter" (also Alexey) and Lisa read about the movements of the human heart. Lisa may have already been familiar with the book and thought a lot about it, because her comments “truly” amaze Alexey.
The subtext of the story is the connection between the relationship between Alexei and Akulina with the plot of “Poor Liza” by Karamzin, where the nobleman Erast seduces the pure-hearted peasant woman Liza. At some moments, Erast strives to go beyond the feudal morality of the society around him. Alexey finds satisfaction in the fact that his relationship with Akulina does not look like seduction, that he has never broken his word, that he is engaged in educating his beloved: “Akulina apparently got used to the best way of speaking, and her mind noticeably developed and formed.”
Alexey is still free to take on any of his roles. Not a single mask had yet grown on him, he “...was a kind and ardent fellow and had a pure heart, capable of feeling the pleasures of innocence.”
Alexey appears before us sincerely and amazed after his father’s words about marriage. The state of shock passes, and during several subsequent remarks, Alexey begins to choose a role, an option of behavior. He has not yet completely left the image of an obedient son and cannot motivate his refusal, but in his room, reflecting “on the limits of parental power,” he makes an attempt to understand his feelings and decides to explain himself to Muromsky and marry a peasant woman. And the feeling of satisfaction brings him not so much the idea as the very fact of making a decision. But the decision to marry a peasant woman is not subject to a life test, since the peasant woman turns out to be imaginary. The conflict with the father also loses its basis.
Why does Pushkin the psychologist give us a string of Alexei’s subpersonalities? Alexey is a hussar, a fashionable melancholic, a young gentleman, an obedient son, a kind fellow, an educated Göttingener. To this list we can also add the potentially present image of an official, a person in the civil service, about whom we know that he will not “jump headlong.”
Aleksey potentially contains the beginnings of all the paths that the Russian nobility will follow in the future. Pushkin leaves the ending of the story open: we do not know which road Alexey will take. We can safely say that “The Peasant Young Lady” is in fact a story filled with epoch-making life content. By placing this story at the end of the entire cycle of “Belkin’s Tales,” Pushkin seems to be asking a question to Russian society: where will we go? What will we be like? What kind of life will we make?
Few contemporaries understood the depth of the story, and the answer to Pushkin’s questions was the history of Russia.

Image Lisa Muromskaya

has always attracted researchers. Attention was paid to the number of masks being replaced: Lisa, Betsy, Akulina.
A masquerade is a place where everyone can show their essence without fear of being recognized. People participate in a masquerade in order to have the opportunity to be themselves, if the circumstances Everyday life do not give the opportunity to realize the human essence.
Throughout the story, Alexey does not change his appearance, but appears to us in different guises. Lisa, changing masks, does not betray the main idea - the idea of ​​\u200b\u200btrusting and tender - female - love.
Lisa - noblewoman, but there is no aristocratic arrogance in her, as in Marya Kirilovna Troekurova. She talks with Nastya with pleasure, enters into the affairs and concerns of the village girls, knows how to speak the local dialect and does not consider it shameful for herself to wear a thick shirt and a blue Chinese sundress.
Lisa is an orphan. Her mother will not help her with advice. The father, having hired Miss Jackson, believes that he did everything for her upbringing. Miss Jackson, in turn, does not bother her with her instructions. Thus, her life, like a river, flows whimsically and freely, not driven into the granite banks of secular conventions. She is a local young lady, but she does not blindly follow the fashion of metropolitan magazines. The county news was too simple and vain; they could not occupy all of Lisa’s leisure time.
And Lisa read quite thoughtfully.
Among N. M. Karamzin’s stories, “Poor Liza” was the most popular. Pushkin's Liza knows this story quite well and completely agrees with the idea that “even peasant women know how to love.” Thinking about deceived love and the melodramatic death of poor Liza, Liza Muromskaya wants to establish justice, “to see the Tugilov landowner at the feet of the daughter of the Priluchinsky blacksmith.” It was important that a woman triumph over a man, it was important that unshakable class prejudices crumble to dust before love. “...The ways to please a man depend on fashion, on momentary opinion, but in women they are based on feelings and nature, which are eternal,” wrote A. S. Pushkin in “A Novel in Letters.”
Perhaps the issue of fidelity in love is especially painful for a man. As a girl in the capital, Lisa saw a lot that she was able to comprehend when left alone with herself in Priluchina.
For Lisa, Alexei’s loyalty to the peasant woman Akulina was very significant. She was smart, she saw life as real, without powder and languid passion, and she wanted a man for her husband who would love her and remain faithful to her.
The first change of clothes was caused by natural female curiosity. Dressing up is a favorite technique in the comedy tradition. But curiosity is also the main feature of a provincial girl. The second change of clothes was necessary to maintain the existing relationship. Thoughts about the morality of her meetings with Alexey worried her, but not for long: youth and love triumphed, Alexey and Akulina were quite happy that day.
Nowadays, at the beginning of the 21st century, the ability to be happy is very rare. The reason for this is increased anxiety, uncertainty about the future, resulting in a constant state of aggression. Aggression is incompatible with the state of happiness, that is, acceptance of the world as it is, awareness of oneself as a part of this world. Happiness is integrity, harmony with oneself and the world. Few people know this condition now. It was available to Lisa and Alexey.
In conversations with Alexei, Lisa honestly tries to play the role of a peasant woman. She speaks the local dialect, but uses expressions that were characteristic only of the speech of people of the noble class, sometimes she speaks as, in the opinion of N.M. Karamzin, a peasant woman should speak. “I don’t need an oath,” the imaginary Akulina repeats after poor Liza, Karamzin’s heroine. And just like Karamzin’s Liza, Akulina complains about her illiteracy.
Contemporaries of A. S. Pushkin, who knew well the then few works of Russian literature, perfectly heard the author’s hidden ironic polemic with sentimentalists regarding how the people should be portrayed.
N.M. Karamzin’s Liza says to Erast: “Oh, why can’t I read or write! You would notify me about everything that happens to you, and I would write to you about my tears!”
A. S. Pushkin’s Lisa is real and concrete: “However,” she said with a sigh, “even though the young lady may be funny, I’m still an illiterate fool in front of her.”
In the cycle of Belkin's Tales, A. S. Pushkin more than once addresses the issue of women's right to an independent choice of life path. In the time of Pushkin, there was no opportunity for a woman to get an education; only men were accepted into universities, although women had already proven that they were not to occupy their minds. Princess E.R. Dashkova, Catherine II and even Pushkin’s heroine Liza amazes the Göttingener Alexei with the subtlety of her remarks!
Men dominated in literature and art. The appearance of a woman in public office was virtually impossible, and being an entrepreneur... It was unthinkable!
The young lady had only one path, approved by society: to get married and become a mother.
The wedding of Lisa and Alexei, decided in advance by their fathers, turned out to be desirable for the children - a rare coincidence.
In “The Peasant Young Lady”, in the subtle parody, in the fascinating masquerade, in the dynamics of the scenes, plots are hidden that could become the beginning of tragedies. If the enmity of the fathers had been ineradicable, the fathers would not have made peace, a story would have arisen based on the great tragedy of W. Shakespeare, similar in plot to “Dubrovsky”. If young people did not have strong feelings for each other and their fathers would marry them by force, then plots similar to “Anna Karenina” by L.N. Tolstoy would arise. If Alexey turned out to be a seducer like Erast, and Akulina really was a peasant woman, then collisions similar to L. N. Tolstoy’s “Resurrection” would arise.
A. S. Pushkin masterfully completes the story, but the happy ending does not remove the question posed by N. M. Karamzin. From now on—and forever—Russian writers write about the Russian woman, whose soul is based on love.
Another Pushkin Liza (“Novel in Letters”) writes to her friend about a mutual friend: “Let him embroider new patterns on the old canvas and present to us in a small frame a picture of the world and the people he knows so well.” Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin in “The Young Peasant Lady” embroidered new patterns on the old canvas and in a small frame presented a picture of the great world and the people whom he knew and loved so well.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with such a famous work by Pushkin as “The Young Lady-Peasant Woman”. A summary of this story is presented in this article.

Muromsky and Berestov

The work begins by describing how two neighbors ran their farm - Grigory Ivanovich Muromsky and Ivan Petrovich Berestov. The latter owns the Tugilovo estate, and the former owns Priluchino. Berestov conducts his farming prudently and wisely. He makes good money from it. Ivan Petrovich is hostile to innovations, so he often makes fun of Muromsky, who most He squandered his estate, but continues to be extravagant. Grigory Ivanovich tries to imitate the British in everything. On his estate there is an English garden, which absorbs the bulk of his income. Moreover, his grooms are dressed like English jockeys. He also arranged for an English governess for his daughter. Muromsky tries to adhere to farming methods that were developed in his beloved country. However, this does not bring any tangible profit. Muromsky is even forced to mortgage his estate. The relationship between the two neighbors is hostile, so they don’t visit each other.

Alexey Berestov

The following events continue the work "The Young Lady-Peasant" ( summary, of course, describes only the main ones). Pushkin tells us that Muromsky has a daughter, Liza, and Berestov has a son, Alexey. The latter has already graduated from university and wants to become a military man. However, the father prevents these plans, because he wants to see his son as an official.

Alexey wants to present himself as sad and disappointed, which greatly impresses the district young ladies. The black ring, as well as mysterious correspondence that seems to exist, are attributes of his game. But the author destroys this romantic gloomy image. He talks about this with a touch of irony, and then completely tears off Alexei’s mask.

Trick invented by Lisa

Muromsky's daughter, Lisa, like other local young ladies, is eager to meet her neighbor's son. But their fathers don’t want to communicate. What should she do? Nastya, her maid, comes to the rescue. Lisa trusts her with her secrets. Having visited the village of Berestova, Nastya tells her mistress that the young master is not at all thoughtful and sad, but a cheerful and cheerful young man. Nastya and Lisa immediately figure out how to introduce the young lady to him. Lisa will go to Berestov's estate, disguised as a peasant woman.

Meeting Alexey and Akulina

It’s as if the heroes meet by chance. Lost in thought, a peasant young lady walks along a path in the forest. This girl foresaw a summary of further events. Suddenly a dog runs up to her, scaring Lisa with its barking. Here Alexey Berestov, the dog’s owner, appears. Lisa's masquerade was a great success: the young man thinks that in front of him is Akulina, a peasant woman from a neighboring village, the daughter of the blacksmith Vasily. Alexey is used to behaving freely with pretty girls, but his new acquaintance inspires involuntary respect with her behavior, so he gives up his attempts to hug Akulina. Alexey longs to see her again. He promises to come to Vasily. Fearing that her trick will be revealed, the girl promises to be in the same place the next day.

Development of the relationship between Alexey and Akulina (Lisa)

A peasant young lady returns safely to her parents' house. We will continue the summary with a description of how her relationship with Alexei developed. The governess and father do not suspect anything. However, the girl thinks that her prank is risky. She decides not to go on a date, but her fear of exposure forces her to keep her promise. Lisa, having met Alexei again, says that they should not meet again, since it is frivolous and will not lead to good. The depth of the peasant woman’s feelings and thoughts amazes Alexei, and the hero is already enchanted. Berestov asks her to meet with him at least occasionally and agrees not to look for other dates other than those that Akulina herself assigns to him. They communicate for some time. Gradually these heroes, created by Pushkin (“The Young Lady-Peasant”), fall in love with each other. The summary of the work becomes more and more interesting.

Reconciliation of fathers

Chance changes the fate of the heroes. One morning, Lisa and Alexei's fathers accidentally bump into each other. Muromsky, chasing a hare, fell from his horse. Alexei's father invites a neighbor to his estate. In response, he invites him to come with his son to his estate the next day.

Lisa, having learned about this, was afraid that Alexei would recognize her. She says that she won’t come out to the guests. The father chuckles that his daughter harbors a hereditary hatred of her neighbors, like the heroine of a novel. However, Lisa stands her ground. The father stops the pointless argument, realizing that she cannot be convinced.

Lisa's new plan

Lisa's new plan is described by Pushkin ("The Young Lady-Peasant"). We will not describe the summary of the trick invented by this heroine now. You will learn about it a little later. Lisa consults with Nastya on what to do. Together they develop a plan and put it into action. What exactly did the girls come up with? You will learn about this by reading the summary of the story “The Young Lady-Peasant Woman”. In the morning, Lisa declares that she will receive guests, but her father should not be indignant or surprised by her actions. Suspecting his daughter's new trick, the father agrees.

The Berestovs visiting the Muromskys

The Berestovs are coming. Muromsky shows them his menagerie and park. All these whims do not make a favorable impression on the prudent landowner. However, he is silent out of politeness, and the son does not care - he wants to see the owner’s daughter. Although Berestov is captivated by the mysterious peasant woman, he is still interested in looking at the young lady. Then the guests and the owner enter the house. Muromsky and Berestov talk about their lost youth. Alexey thinks about how he should behave in the presence of Lisa. He puts on his mask again: he pretends to be absent-minded and cold. Here comes Lisa. Seeing his daughter in an unusual appearance, the father is amazed. Lisa is playing a cutesy socialite. She made a hairstyle out of fake curls, bleached her hair, put on a formal dress and diamonds. Of course, Alexey does not recognize his beloved in this doll. The Englishwoman, realizing that her pupil took the whitewash without asking, gets angry with her. Lisa and Alexey continue to play their roles during lunch. He behaves thoughtfully and absent-mindedly, and Lisa pretends to be a cutesy young lady.

Akulina is learning to read and write

The girl, disguised as a peasant woman, meets Alexei again the next day. She asks him about the impression the young lady made on him. Alexey assures that Akulina is much better than the young ladies. However, the girl laments that she does not know how to read and write. Then Alexey offers to teach her to write and read. After only 3 lessons, the girl reads Karamzin, inserting her comments.

The upcoming marriage of Lisa and Alexey

After some time, correspondence begins between the young people. The oak hollow acts as a mailbox. Meanwhile, the fathers decide to marry their children. A summary of Pushkin's story "The Young Lady-Peasant" is approaching its climax. The landowners quickly agreed among themselves about the marriage, but now they also needed to persuade the children. Muromsky believed that the neighbor's son and his daughter did not like each other. However, he hoped that this would change for the better over time. His neighbor had a much simpler view of this matter. He called his son and asked why he no longer wanted to join the hussars. The son replied that his father was against it, so he did not insist. Berestov praises his obedience and says that he will not force Alexei into civil service for now, but intends to first marry him to his neighbor’s daughter.

Alexey's solution

There is an argument between father and son. Alexey is trying to refuse this marriage. The father says that he will deprive him of his inheritance in this case, and gives him 3 days to think about it. Alexey decides to marry Akulina, a peasant woman whom he has not seen for several days because of the rain. He writes a letter to the girl, describing the current situation. Berestov offers Akulina his hand. He places the letter in a hollow oak tree.

Happy ending

The summary of the story “The Peasant Young Lady” ends, like the work itself, with a happy ending. The next day the young man goes to a neighbor to talk frankly about his proposed marriage to Lisa. But Muromsky’s servant reports that the master has left. Alexey asks if he can see his daughter. Finding out that the girl is at home, he decides to talk to her. However, when Alexey enters, he recognizes the peasant woman Akulina, who captured his heart, in Lizaveta Grigorievna.

Lisa was reading his letter at that time. The girl, seeing Alexei, tries to run away. However, Berestov holds her back. Lisa is still trying to behave like a well-bred young lady should. She breaks away from Alexei’s hands and speaks French. An Englishwoman, completely at a loss, is also present at this scene. Suddenly, at this time, Lisa’s father appears, who is glad that the feelings of Alexei and his daughter coincide with his plans. It is clear that Alexey and Lisa will get married.

Cycle "Belkin's Tales"

This concludes the summary. “The Peasant Young Lady” is a story by Ivan Petrovich Belkin. You will probably be surprised - after all, the work was written by Pushkin! This is true. However, it is included in the cycle "Belkin's Tale". “The Peasant Young Lady,” a brief summary of which we have reviewed, is the fifth and last story from this cycle. Other works from it: “The Shot”, “The Undertaker”, “The Station Agent”, “Blizzard”.

In 1830, Pushkin wrote "Belkin's Tales". “The Peasant Young Lady,” a summary of which you have just read, as well as other works from this series were first published in 1831.

Cool! 2

In the story by A.S. Pushkin’s “The Peasant Young Lady” presents us with four main characters: Liza Muromtseva, her father Grigory Ivanovich, Alexey Brestov and his father. Of these, I liked the image of Lisa the most.

Lisa is a 17-year-old girl with pleasant features, as evidenced by her black eyes and dark skin. She was very restless. The girl often heard flattering reviews about young Alexei; he was praised for his handsome appearance and high intellectual abilities. She decided to send her maid Nastya to the Brestov family with one demand: to find out everything about young Alexei. The stories about the young man aroused Lisa’s great interest and curiosity. This prompted her to put on peasant clothes and meet this wonderful guy herself.

Lisa was a fairly smart girl. This can be concluded from their acquaintance, during which Alexey wanted to be her equal, saying to himself that he served as a valet for the young master. Hearing this, the girl felt funny, and she said that you can always tell a master from a servant. During their first meeting, the girl lied to the young man about the fact that her name was Akulina, and her father was the blacksmith Vasily. At the same time, she realized that if a guy wanted to come to the village, he would definitely meet the real Akulina, who was a fat and pockmarked girl. Lisa quickly thought it over and said that her father was very strict and if he found out about their conversation, he would definitely spank her.

After their first meeting, the girl decides to go on a second date with Alexei. Lisa believes that if the young man finds out the truth about her, he will not approve of her action. Second meeting at young man and Akulina takes place the next day. The girl asks the young man to give her a promise that he will never look for her for meetings, saying that she herself will arrange them.

What I liked most in the story was the episode when the Brestovs made their first visit to Lisa’s house. Having learned that such guests were going to come to them, the girl was frightened. He and the maid came up with a prank, which consisted in the girl putting on a lot of makeup, and Alexey would not recognize Akulina in her. I consider Lisa kind because, having taken whitewash from her governess without asking, she later asked forgiveness for this and did everything possible to calm her down.

At the end of the story, everything the heroine dreamed of comes true. Her beloved and his father came to them. She learns that her parents have decided to marry them. Alexey, of course, was against this at first, but when he realized that Lisa was his beloved Akulina, he immediately agreed.

Although Lisa was an adult girl, she remained still a child, to whom her father did not forbid anything. Despite this, she was smart, beautiful and could get out of any situation.

“The Peasant Young Lady” is a story from the series “Tales of I.P. Belkin.” in it the author was able to express his dream of high morality, of love that knows no social barriers.

Let's try to analyze the story by answering a number of questions:

1. When and where was the story “The Peasant Young Lady” written?
“The Peasant Young Lady” was written in the fall of 1830 in Boldin. More precisely, September 20, 1830. It was this date that Pushkin put at the end of the work.

2. Explain the title of the story.
Lisa was a young lady, the daughter of a landowner, and disguised herself as a peasant.

3. Why did Lisa do this?
She wanted to meet Alexei Berestov: their fathers were in a quarrel.

4. What caused the quarrel between the landowners?
The reason for the fathers' quarrel is not very clear to the children. They say that Berestov was thrifty, and Muromtsev was wasteful. One tripled his income, and Muromtsev went into debt. Students should feel Pushkin's irony in the depiction of both landowners. The teacher explains it. Berestov's conceit was expressed in the fact that he himself “considered himself the smartest person in the whole neighborhood, which is in no way a sign of a truly smart person.” The neighbors only “didn’t contradict him about this. His cultural interests were very limited: he read nothing except the Senate Gazette. Along the way, we draw attention to the features of the ancient noble life, familiar to them from Dubrovsky. As with Troekurov in Pokrovskoye, Berestov’s neighbors “... came to visit him with their families and dogs.” You can also dwell on the Anglomania of Muromsky, which speaks of the admiration of Russian landowners for foreigners, already familiar to students from Dubrovsky.

5. What did Miss Jackson do in her adopted country?
She did almost nothing. Twice a year I re-read an English novel, received two thousand rubles for it, considerable money at that time, and “died” of boredom in this “barbaric Russia”.

6. How does Pushkin portray Alexei Berestov? The author talks about him with sympathy, but at the same time with ridicule. Alexey “was a great guy,” he rode a horse well, and wanted to go to military service. He was a young and cheerful man, and spoke of “lost joys and faded youth” and wore a black ring with the image of a death’s head.

7. How does Alexey feel about Akulina?
Alexey sincerely fell in love with Akulina and teaches her to read and write. He, contrary to the wishes of his father, who threatened to deprive him of his inheritance, decided to marry Akulina and live by his labor.

8. Remember how the quarrel between the two landowners ended and what the common plans were
made them friends. We remember how the landowners made peace and how they decided to marry their children. And it was this common idea that made them friends.

9. Why does Lisa attract us?
Lisa is “brave”, “easy to deal with Nastya”, “playful”. She is resourceful: she figured out what to do when Alexey was supposed to come to them.

10. What is unique about the composition of the story “The Young Lady - Peasant Woman”? After Lisa, in the guise of Akulina, meets Alexey, we constantly monitor Alexey’s behavior. We know who Lisa is, but he doesn’t know. When the fathers make peace, Lisa finds herself in a difficult situation. We don’t know how she will get out of it, and we look forward to her appearance among the guests with interest. In the last scene, Alexey learned what the reader had known for a long time: Akulina is Lisa. On this stage you can show children the “indirect” technique
inner speech." The author speaks about the joy of Alexei, who recognized Lisa Akulina, but says
the way Alexey would say about it.

In “The Peasant Young Lady” there are no traces of romantic poetics, there is nothing mysterious or unexpected in it, everything is simple in it: love, and heroes, and the atmosphere of village life. There is a joke here, mischief, slyness. Pushkin jokes directly, jokes without looking back. "The young lady-peasant" is easy story, built on a real-life basis with a simple plot and a happy ending. Some critics, Pushkin’s contemporaries, considered the story unworthy of Pushkin’s talent and condemned it as frivolous.” “But they did not notice the positive, artistic and creative beginning in the ironic pathos of the story.”

The lesson uses a development technique creativity personality - using a mask. Mask as a bright, materially tangible element of camouflage, transforming a person’s appearance, contributes to the knowledge of his world. The mask is strong due to its visibility, obvious materiality and form, which evokes a certain emotional response in the wearer of the mask. The mask is complex in its multifunctional orientation. It can be at the same time a work of art, a cultural sign, a gaming instrument, or part of a ritual. Children easily perceive and play the disguised heroes of myths, fairy tales, films, and cartoons. Adults associate playing with a mask with pranks, childishness, and humor, but they take the derivatives of the mask—psychological masks—images seriously. The image is characterized by elements of camouflage - hairstyle, makeup, costume, details of the toilet, not to mention body language - plasticity, demeanor and style of behavior. Camouflage is diverse and universal as one of the ways of understanding the world. The lesson uses elements of working with a mask to stimulate the creative activity of students.

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Lesson topic: A.S. Pushkin “The young lady is a peasant woman.” (2 hours)

Goals:

1.Introduce students to the work of A.S. Pushkin's "The Young Lady - a Peasant Woman", its plot and characters. Identify the role of antithesis in the story.

2.Develop the ability to analyze literary text.

3. To cultivate an emotional perception of a literary text, attention to the literary word; cultivate respect for human feelings.

Equipment: texts of the story “The Young Lady - Peasant Woman”, pencils, paper.

Methodological techniques: student message; teacher's story with elements of conversation; vocabulary work; commented reading; drawing up character masks; comparative analysis characters.

During the classes

1. Teacher's word

Guys, today we are starting to get acquainted with a series of stories called “Belkin’s Tales”. They were written in Boldino in the fall of 1830. (Student's message about the role of Boldino autumn in the life of A.S. Pushkin.)

In today's lesson we are working on Pushkin's story “The Young Lady-Peasant Woman”.

1. Conversation

"The young lady - peasant woman" is parody on romantic and sentimental works of the time. (Vocabulary work - what is parody?)This means that we will be reading a not entirely serious work by Pushkin. Nevertheless, in it Pushkin talks about very serious problems, but with humor.

At home you read the story. When you started reading, you probably noticed its title and epigraph. How can you explain the title? What is the lexical meaning of words young lady and peasant? (A young lady is a girl from the upper class; a peasant woman is from the lower class.)

- What does combining these words give? (Combining opposing concepts, Pushkin intrigues the reader with the title of the work. Reception antitheses Pushkin uses throughout the entire work.)

Explain the meaning of the epigraph. (The epigraph is taken from I. Bogdanovich’s poem “Darling” and is, as it were, a moral characteristic of the heroine, who is “good” in both noble and peasant guise.)

CONCLUSION: Judging by the title and epigraph, the main character will be a girl shown in a controversial situation and retaining high moral qualities in it.

1. Discussion of the characters in the story (comparative analysis)

Let's start analyzing the characters in the story witholder generation(differences):

Let us note the irony of Pushkin in describing the relationship between Berestov, the elder, and Muromsky. In their depiction, Pushkin uses the technique of antithesis.

However, despite their differences, they have a lot in common:

Thanks to the commonality of life, Berestov Sr. and Muromsky were able to eventually find mutual language and make peace.

Younger generation

Alexei wears the mask of a suffering lover, cold towards all young ladies, because it is fashionable in society, but with simple peasant women he is cheerful, sweet, and plays burners. With them you don’t need to wear a mask, you can be yourself. This is how Alexey is more interesting to Lisa.

- Why did Alexey and Lisa fall in love with each other?

1. Group work

Students draw masks of the characters in the story and describe them verbally.

Berestov - the eldest - is a bear (Muromsky called him “... a bear and a provincial”).

Muromsky is a dandy - an Englishman (English manner of speech, monocle on his eye).

Alexey is the mask of a suffering lover (reminiscent of Pierrot’s mask) and a “good master.”

Lisa - two masks: a funny painted French woman and a peasant woman Akulina.

The heroes of the story hide their true faces, their real spiritual qualities under masks. However, some masks, on the contrary, emphasize the beauty of the characters’ souls.

1. Working on the composition and plot of the story

How did the last explanation of Alexey and Lisa happen? (By chance, Alexey wanted to explain himself to Lisa, talk about his love for Akulina, and found Lisa in her true guise.)

What is the general role of chance in the story? Let's list the accidents that move the story. Are they really that random? Let's look at the composition. Let us recall how the composition is built:

On the desk:

Exposition – plot – climax – denouement – ​​and – epilogue (optional).

E .: A story about the heroes of the older generation, characteristics of the younger generation.

Z .: Nastya, Lisa’s maid meets A. Berestov and tells Lisa about it. Nastya's chance acquaintance with A. Berestov entails Lisa's well-planned "accidental" acquaintance with Alexey.

TO .: A chance meeting with Lisa – Akulina in her house. The climax is preceded by another accident: Muromsky’s fall from his horse and his rescue by Berestov, the elder.

R. : Absent: “The reader will spare me the unnecessary obligation to describe the denouement...”

Are the accidents in the story so random? Ponder this question Houses .

1. Homework

1. Essay – miniature “The role of chance in the story by A.S. Pushkin's "Young Lady - Peasant".
2. Read the story "Shot".